The equilibrium of a modeled windand buoyancy-driven, baroclinically unstable, ‡ow is analyzed using the transformed Eulerian-mean (TEM) approach described in Part I. Within the near-adiabatic interior of the ‡ow, Ertel potential vorticity is homogenized along mean isopycnals, a …nding readily explained using TEM theory, given the geometry of the domain. The equilibrium, zonal-mean buoyancy str...

Rotating convection in cylindrical containers is a canonical problem in fluid dynamics, in which a variety of simplifying assumptions have been used in order to allow for low-dimensional models or linear stability analysis from trivial basic states. An aspect of the problem that has received only limited attention is the influence of the centrifugal force, because it makes it difficult or even ...

Blood flow through a sclerotic artery and the effect of thermal heat on cholesterol concentration in presence magnetic field are modelled using mathematical models which represent blood momentum coupled with buoyancy due to temperature, concentration, porosity medium effect. The study involved formulation geometry atherosclerosis at specific location sclerosis over time arterial channel. system...

We investigated intraspecific geographic variation in buoyancy by obtaining percentage buoyancy (%B) measurements for the Antarctic notothenioid species Pleuragramma antarcticum, Trematomus hansoni, T. bernacchii and Gymnodraco acuticeps from both McMurdo Sound in East Antarctica and the South Shetland Islands in West Antarctica. Mean percentage buoyancies in these species ranged from 0.22–0.52...

The structure and propagation properties of triple flames subject to buoyancy effects are studied numerically using a high accuracy scheme. A wide range of gravity conditions, heat release, and mixing widths for a scalar mixing layer are computed for ’upright’ and ’inverted’ triple flames (i.e, gravity pointed in parallel and in opposite directions of flame propagation). These results are used ...

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill occurred in the summer of 2010 and coincided with the spawning window of the ecologically and economically important pelagic fish mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). During summer months, early life stage mahi-mahi were likely also exposed to other naturally occurring stressors such as increased temperature and ultraviolet radiation (UV). Previous research has shown...

We studied the buoyancy of 263 specimens of the sympatric sister species Notothenia coriiceps and N. rossii captured at King George Island. In these species without a swim bladder, we expressed measurements of buoyancy as percentage buoyancy (%B = weight in water/weight in air × 100), with smaller numbers reflecting more buoyant (i.e. less dense) species. Mean %B of N. coriiceps (4.34%) was sig...

Selective harvesting can cause evolutionary responses in populations via shifts in phenotypic characteristics, especially those affecting life history. Brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) cysts in Great Salt Lake (GSL), Utah, USA are commercially harvested with techniques that select against floating cysts. This selective pressure could cause evolutionary changes over time. Our objectives are to...

Foraging theory predicts that breath-hold divers adjust the time spent foraging at depth relative to the energetic cost of swimming, which varies with buoyancy (body density). However, the buoyancy of diving animals varies as a function of their body condition, and the effects of these changes on swimming costs and foraging behaviour have been poorly examined. A novel animal-borne accelerometer...

The employment of gliding in aquatic animals as a means of conserving energy has been theoretically predicted and discussed for decades. Several studies have shown that some species glide, whereas others do not. Freshwater fish species that widely inhabit both lentic and lotic environments are thought to be able to adapt to fluctuating flow conditions in terms of locomotion. In adapting to the ...