This paper proposes a novel service differentiation mechanism utilizing optical buffers in transparent optical networks. We first introduce fiber delay line (FDL)-based optical buffers and propose a hybrid shared optical buffered node. Based on the proposed buffer, diverse service requirements can be satisfied by assigning different priorities on accessing the buffer. Since the blocking perform...

The effect of synaptic inhibition on burst firing of a two-compartment model of a CA3 pyramidal cell is considered. We show that, depending on its timing, a short dose of fast decaying synaptic inhibition can either delay or advance the timing of firing of subsequent bursts. Moreover, increasing the strength of the inhibitory input is shown to modulate the burst profile from a full complex burs...

Context. Clustering in the luminosity of the afterglows of gamma-ray burst has been reported in the optical and X-ray. Aims. We investigate the possibility that a clustering in the luminosity of the afterglows of gamma-ray burst exists in near infrared (J, H, K bands). We use observations of events occurring from 1997 to the end of 2007. Methods. We correct the gamma-ray burst afterglow light c...

The oxidative burst of human blood cells in the presence of different metal materials was investigated using chemiluminescence assay. Commercial pure titanium (Ti), titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V), and stainless steel 316L (SS) in particulate form with <20 μm in size were used. The effect of particulate materials opsonisation on the upregulation of the respiratory burst production by blood cells was a...

A pattern of electrical stimulation based on 2 prominent physiological features of the hippocampus, complex spike discharge and theta rhythm, was used to induce lasting increases in responses recorded in area CA1 of hippocampal slices maintained in vitro and from the hippocampus of behaving rats. This effect, termed primed burst (PB) potentiation, was elicited by as few as 3 stimuli delivered t...

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the formulation and process parameters on PLGA microparticles containing a practically insoluble model drug (ibuprofen) prepared by the o/w solvent evaporation method. Multivariate data analysis was used. The effects of altered stirring speed of a mechanical stirrer (600, 1000 rpm), emulsifier concentrations (PVA concentration 0....

Most of the IEEE 802.16e Mobile WiMAX scheduling proposals for real-time traffic using Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS) focus on the throughput and guaranteed latency. The delay jitter and the effect of burst overhead have not yet been investigated. This paper introduces a new technique called Swapping Min-Max (SWIM) for UGS scheduling that not only meets the delay constraint with optimal throug...

We evaluated the effects of murine recombinant interleukin-4 (rIL-4) on murine peritoneal macrophages. We showed a marked, dose-dependent stimulation of respiratory oxidative burst by IL-4 in peptone-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages. This effect was abolished by a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) to rIL-4 confirming that the enhanced chemiluminescence was due to IL-4. In contrast, r...