BACKGROUND The picture that has emerged from studies investigating HIV infected people with GBV-C viremia is that they have lower plasma HIV viral loads in comparison with HIV-positive people who did not have the GBV-C viremia. OBJECTIVES Since GBV-C HIV coinfection has not been studied in Iran, we have designed a survey to study the outcomes of GBV-C infection on HIV infected individuals. ...

BACKGROUND BK nephropathy is an evolving challenge among kidney transplant recipients. Diagnosis of BK nephropathy depends on the presence of BK viral inclusions on renal biopsy. Most cases of BK nephropathy are preceded by BK viremia or viruria. CASE REPORT We report a case of BK nephropathy found on protocol renal transplant biopsy without associated BK viremia or viruria. CONCLUSIONS BK ...

The present experimental results concern primarily the question, whether or not mosquitoes feeding on chickens having viremia, as a result of the bite of infected mites, can acquire the virus of St. Louis encephalitis and whether or not mosquitoes thus infected, can transmit the virus to chickens and hamsters. During the course of the investigation, 7 species of mosquitoes of 3 genera were infe...

Several cytokines and chemokines including chemokine (C-C motif) ligand-2 (CCL2) are induced in HIV-1 infection. However, the impact of HIV-1 viremia on CCL2 regulation is largely unknown. We utilized a DNA oligonucleotide microarray covering 110 inflammatory genes. Five genes were induced by at least 2-fold in PBMCs of HIV-1 viremic (>100,000 RNA copies ml(-1)) as compared with aviremic (<50 R...

A dengue-1 DNA vaccine containing sequences encoding premembrane and envelope proteins (DIME) was previously shown to elicit virus neutralizing antibodies in rhesus and Aotus monkeys, and the primates were partially protected from viremia upon challenge. To increase the neutralizing antibody levels and subsequent protection from virus challenge, four strategies were evaluated: (a) coimmunizatio...