Dynamic light scattering was used to measure the azimuthal anchoring energy coefficient W(straight phi) of nematic liquid crystal (5CB) on photoaligning poly-(vinyl-cinnamate) layer. Measurements were repeated several times within two months. The results show that W(straight phi) increases in the first few days after filling the cell with liquid crystal. Then it remains approximately constant a...

Aims. We present the results of a search for the negative ion C4H in various dark clouds, low mass star-forming regions and photondominated regions (PDRs). We have also searched for C6H, C2H and CN in some of the sources. Methods. The millimeter-wave observations were carried out with the IRAM-30m telescope. Results. We detect C4H, through the J = 9-8 and J = 10-9 rotational transitions, in the...

By using a monoclonal antibody we have identified a new polypeptide doublet (C4h and C4l) of Mr approximately 21 kD and pI 8 and 7, respectively, that is associated with and (at the immunofluorescence level) uniformly distributed on actin filament bundles in rat, mouse, and other vertebrate species. C4 is absent in neurones, erythrocytes, and skeletal muscle but the epitope is evolutionarily co...

High resolution photodetachment spectra of C4H- and C4D- obtained via slow electron velocity-map imaging (SEVI) are presented. The spectra reveal closely spaced transitions to the neutral 2Sigma+ and 2Pi states which can be distinguished based on the corresponding photoelectron angular distributions. The C4H ground state is confirmed as the X2Sigma+ state, with the excited A2Pi state lying only...

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), Cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (C4H) and 4-Coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) catalyze the first three steps of the general phenylpropanoid pathway whereas chalcone synthase (CHS) catalyzes the first specific step towards flavonoids production. This class of specialized metabolites has a wide range of biological functions in plant development and defence and a broad spe...

Background & Aim: Elaeagnus angustifolia and Elaeagnus orientalis have a lot of medical utilization. In folk medicine, the fruit and flower of these plants are used as a tonic and antipyretic agent. The aim of the present study was to chemical analysis of volatile constituents of E. angustifolia and E. orientalis flowers.  Experimental: The...

Cinnamate-based polyesters were synthesized, including poly(4-hydroxycinnamic acid), poly(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic poly(3-hydroxycinnamic acid) (P3HCA), and hyperbranched poly(3,4-dihydroxycinnamic (PdHCA). These materials further processed into hard dry membranes by casting underwent photoreactions ultraviolet (UV) light. The photodeformation behavior of the linear polyester containing with...