A surface-controlled dissolution of cylindrical solid particles model is applied to potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate in dimethylformamide at elevated temperatures. Previously published data for the dissolution of potassium carbonate is interpreted assuming a cylindrical rather than a spherical shape of the particles, the former representing a closer approximation to ...

We introduce giant liposomes to investigate phase transformations in picoliter volumes. Precipitation of calcium carbonate in the confinement of DPPC liposomes leads to dramatic stabilization of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). In contrast, amorphous strontium carbonate (ASC) is a transient species, and BaCO3 precipitation leads directly to the formation of crystalline witherite.

Carbonate anion exchange reactions with water in the uranyl-carbonate and calcium-uranyl-carbonate aqueous systems have been investigated using computational methods. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the umbrella sampling technique were employed to determine potentials of mean force for the exchange reactions of water and carbonate. The presence of calcium counter-ions is pred...

Approximately a third of the total body sodium content of man, dogs, and rats is present in the inorganic portion of the skeleton (l-3). Although the magnitude of this fraction and its variability in acidosis and sodium depletion have been defined by direct analysis and by the use of isotopes, the precise position which sodium occupies in bone salt remains obscure. Harrison (4), pointing out th...

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a form of activity-dependent plasticity that occurs during learning. Potassium channels are the most diverse group of all ion channels that related to synaptic plasticity. Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (SKs) are found in hippocampal CA1 neurons and by inhibiting of postsynaptic potentials are involved in synaptic transmission impairment. ...

Introduction: Air-powder polishing devices are increasingly used for stain and plaque removal. However, besides cleaning the tooth surface, they may increase the surface roughness of the dental tissues. This in turn may result in plaque accumulation and superficial degradation. Thus the aim of this study was to assess the influence of three different abrasive agents: Pumice, Sodium bicarbonate ...

Approximately a third of the total body sodium content of man, dogs, and rats is present in the inorganic portion of the skeleton (l-3). Although the magnitude of this fraction and its variability in acidosis and sodium depletion have been defined by direct analysis and by the use of isotopes, the precise position which sodium occupies in bone salt remains obscure. Harrison (4), pointing out th...

One of the ordinary methods to protect, rehabilitate, and enhance an ecosystemfunction in arid and semi-arid areas of the world is sand dune stabilization using biologicalpractices. Plantation of species on the soil plays a great role in sustainable management ofthe ecosystem. This research studies the effects of cultivation of Haloxylon ammodendronand Atriplex canescens on physical-chemical ch...

Calcium and ash accumulation in aerobic granules treating organic wastewater was investigated systematically in this study. It was found that ash content of granular sludge reached 43% at stable state of reactor operation with calcium carbonate precipitation as the main cause. Since granular sludge in the reactor at the steady state was the mixture of granules with different sizes, granules in ...