GUIDELINES a. Treatment with cinacalcet reduces levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphate and the calcium x phosphate product in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) due to dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD). (Level ll evidence) b. Treatment with cinacalcet is not reported to influence requirements for standard drug therapy of SHPT. However, a greater pr...

Hyperphosphataemia is a frequent and important cardiovascular risk factor in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). High phosphate levels may influence vascular calcifications by two separate mechanisms: by worsening secondary hyperparathyroidism, which in turn facilitates calcification, and by promoting calcium phosphate deposition in pre-formed endothelial plaques and in the arterial wal...

Hypophosphatemia is defined as a serum phosphate level of less than 2.5 mg/dL (0.8 mmol/L). Hypophosphatemia is caused by inadequate intake, decreased intestinal absorption, excessive urinary excretion, or a shift of phosphate from the extracellular to the intracellular compartments. Renal phosphate wasting can result from genetic or acquired renal disorders. Acquired renal phosphate wasting sy...

Background. Sex hormones are important regulators of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Estradiol appears to be a major determinant of bone health in the male gender. However, physiological effects of estrogens on calcium and phosphate homeostatic fluxes in men are still poorly understood.Objective. We investigated the influence of 6 weeks of the SERM raloxifene, an estrogen agonist in bone, bu...

Hyperphosphatemia has an important role in the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone disease in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The most effective method of phosphate elimination lies with phosphate binders, the agent that more commonly used, calcium carbonate, is not an ideal binding agent. In this regard, calcium acetate has been reported to have more or at least...

OBJECTIVE To review the components of calcium, phosphate and magnesium metabolism that are relevant to the critically ill patient in a two-part presentation. DATA SOURCES A review of articles reported on calcium, phosphate and magnesium disorders in the critically ill patient. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Calcium, phosphate and magnesium have important intracellular and extracellular functions with th...

Of 50 patients with urinary calculi, upper tract stones were common between 15-44 and lower tract stones between 0-14 and above 44 years of age. Urinary calculi contained calcium, phosphate, oxalate, urate/uric acid, ammonium, magnesium and carbonate. The frequency of occurrence of each of these radicals in sixty stones was 93.33, 83.33, 61.67, 51.67, 25.00 and 13.33% respectively. Five (27.78%...

statement of problem: the casein phospho peptide-amorphous calcium phosphate with or without fluoride (cpp-acpf and cpp-acp respectively) are of considerably new materials which are highly recommended for prevention of dental caries. however, there is a shortage in literature on how they affect the ion concentration of saliva or dental plaque. objectives: the aim of this study was to evaluate t...

Phosphate control is still a great challenge in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and in spite of the great improvements in dialysis techniques, achievement of the goals for mineral metabolism control is still far from ideal. Aluminum hydroxide has been largely abandoned due to the high risk of aluminum toxicity, while the use of calcium-based phosphate binders may cause hypercalcemia, overzealous ...