Phosphogypsum (CaSO4·2H2O, PG) waste is produced in large amounts during phosphoric acid (H3PO4) production. Minor quantities are utilized in construction or agriculture, while most of the material is stockpiled, creating an environmental challenge to prevent pollution of natural waters. In principle, the gypsum waste could be used to capture several hundred megatonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2). ...

Introduction: Injectable bone cements based on calcium sulfate and calcium phosphate are potential materials for bone void fillers. Calcium sulfate has been used for many years to produce materials for bone augmentation, and it continues to be the object of interest and research, because the calcium sulfate can be injected like a bone cement material into irregularly shaped bony defects. But th...

1. The electrolyte composition, the pH, and freezing points of the fluids of several invertebrates and one primitive chordate are reported. 2. Fluids of the worms, echinoderms, and the clam Venus were isotonic with sea water; fluids of the Arthropoda were hypertonic to sea water. 3. The pH of all fluids was below that of sea water. In the Arthropoda and Myxine less individual variation in pH ap...

This study evaluated leaf supply of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) using either soluble or sparingly fertilizers in young sweet orange trees. Three experiments were set up a greenhouse to compare two sources four doses (control, low, adequate high) as follows: (i) Experiment I (B): boric acid calcium borate; (ii) II (Zn): Zn sulfate oxide; (iii) III (B + Zn): Sulfate Borate. The effective increasing t...

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate a simple and less expensive process for the removal sulfate from Iranian Chemical Industries Investment Company' wastewater using ettringite (a calcium aluminum (Ca 6 Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (OH) 12 .26H O)) precipitation process. optimum experimental conditions Al(OH) recovery were determined batch experiments. Using Ca(OH) allowed achieve pH (pH ...

INTRODUCTION: Calcium sulfate pellets have been used successfully as a synthetic bone graft for treatment of contained bone defects at sites without substantial compressive loads [1]. There are many bone defects, notably subcondral and vertebral, where calcium sulfate with increased compressive strength would be beneficial. A new, modified calcium sulfate with a different crystalline structure ...

One of the most important characteristics of calcium phosphate cements is their resorbability when implanted in the body. However, the in vivo resorption rate is slow due to the lack of intrinsic open porosity. In this study, macroporous structures were obtained by mixing alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) cement with a foamed liquid phase containing different concentrations of sodium hydrogen ...