Lithium (Li), a glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) inhibitor, has used to attenuate thecannabinoid-induced dependence/withdrawal signs, but molecular mechanisms related to this areunclear. Recent studies indicate the involvement of upstream extracellular signal kinase1/2 (ERK1/2)and downstream GSK-3β pathways in the development of cannabinoid-induced dependence. Thisis mediated through cannab...

Background and Purpose: Globally, dermatophytes are the most common filamentous group of fungi causing cutaneous mycoses. Dermatophytes were shown to secrete a multitude of enzymes that play a role in their pathogenesis. There is limited data on co-hemolytic (CAMP-like) effect of different bacterial species on dermatophyte species. In this study, we sought to the evaluate exoenzyme activity an...

Approximately one in 30 individuals across the world suffers from bipolar disorder (BD). With this prevalence, the pathophysiology of BD represents one of the most important unsolved challenges in neuroscience. Although there appears to be a strong hereditary component to the disorder, genome-wide association studies have failed to identify any obvious underlying developmental or signalling pat...

Abstract The Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN), historically known as ‘Rohingya’ who fled the 2017 ethnic atrocities and genocide in Northern Rakhine State of Myanmar, took shelter Cox’s Bazar District Bangladesh. camp network, Kutupalong Rohingya Camp (KRC), is situated tectonically active tertiary hilly terrain. KRC has been experiencing hydrometeorological hazards, where landslides...

This paper offers new insights into the role of firms versus individuals in driving technology directions, and the extent to which human capital may be lost during industrial shifts. We explore in particular whether (1) due to different offshore production economics, firms who move manufacturing offshore slow U.S.-based R&D activities in an emerging technology and (2) the inventors originally w...

Candida albicans behaviors are affected by pH, an important environmental variable. Filamentous growth is a pH-responsive behavior, where alkaline conditions favor hyphal growth and acid conditions favor growth as yeast. We employed filamentous growth as a tool to study the impact of pH on the hyphal growth regulator Cyr1, and we report that downregulation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling by acid...

Background: Phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) and phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) play a critical role in the regulation of intracellular level of adenosine 3´,5´-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP, cAMP) and guanosine 3´,5´-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP, cGMP). Subsequently PDE3 inhibitors have shown to relax vascular and inhibit platelet aggregation in cardiovascular disease. Objectives: In th...