The experiments to be described have been carried out on patients suffering from various forms of rheumatism, but mostly from rheumatoid arthritis, at the Harrogate Royal Bath Hospital. The test has also been used in cases of incipient Raynaud's and other arterial diseases of the extremities, the results of which may form the subject of another paper. Benatt and Taylor (1940) made use of the co...

The size discrepancy between leukocytes [white blood cells (WBCs)] and pulmonary capillaries requires WBCs to deform. We investigated the persistence of this deformation on cells leaving the capillary bed and the role played by the cytoskeleton. Isolated rabbit lungs were perfused in situ via the pulmonary artery with effluent fractions collected from the left ventricle. Washout curves from cel...

BACKGROUND Coronary blood flow can always be matched to the metabolic demand of the myocardium due to the regulation of vasoactive segments. Myocardial compressive forces play an important role in determining coronary blood flow but its impact on flow regulation is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to develop a coronary specified flow regulation model, which can integrate myocardial ...

• Isotopic clearance techniques using radioactive inert gases have permitted assessment of the capillary blood flow in a number of organs. In certain organs, such as heart and testis, the clearance curve is a monotonic exponential function suggesting uniform distribution of the capillary blood flow. However, in other organs such as the kidney, the clearance curve can be analyzed into a number o...

Arterial bypass grafts remain the gold standard for the treatment of end-stage ischaemic disease. Yet patients unable to tolerate the cardiovascular stress of arterial surgery or those with unreconstructable disease would benefit from grafts that are able to induce therapeutic angiogenesis. Here, we introduce an approach whereby implantation of 3D-printed grafts containing endothelial-cell-line...

The first World Health Organization conference on pulmonary hypertension, held in 1971 in Geneva, Switzerland [2], had been convened to investigate the first drug-induced epidemic of so-called ‘‘primary’’ pulmonary hypertension. The clinicians had noted an unusual increase in the number of patients with often fatal pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension and, by connecting the dots, they identifie...

22 anesthetized dogs were given a barium sulfate suspension intravenously in a dose sufficient to double mean pulmonary artery pressure. 10 sec breath-holding carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (D(LCO10)) was measured before and after this standard embolization in each dog. No post-embolic decrease in D(LCO10) was observed. In the study of this apparent paradox, it was found that the potential ...

THERE can be no doubt that the determination of the circulation time is one of the basic methods for the evaluation of circulatory efficiency. It is therefore highly important that the technics used be as accurate as possible. Therefore, the fully objective method of the dermofluorographic determination of circulation time was compared with the more generally used subjective methods. To perform...

T he ability to measure the hydrostatic pressure in a capillary bed (Pc) was an impetus for the development of the arterial occlusion method [1]. The relevance of Pc in pulmonary circulation is its role in pulmonary oedema formation. In order to accurately measure Pc, the isogravimetric method and the double occlusion technique have served as standards [2, 3]. However, both techniques require s...

Hydrostatic lung injuries The evolution of fish to amphibians, reptiles to endothermic birds and mammals has been accompanied by a progressively thinner pulmonary blood gas barrier, to accommodate the constraint of increased oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide output [1]. Accordingly, pulmonary circulation has evolved as a separate high flow–low pressure system. In humans, mean pulmonary artery pr...