alexander sergeyevich griboyedov was a russian diplomat, playwright, and composer. he is recognized in russian literature as a dramatist and writer of a book, whose fame rests on the brilliant verse comedy woe from wit (the woes of wit), a satire on russian aristocratic society which continus to be one of the most often staged plays in russia. however, in iran he is known as the great russian a...

Since the Song dynasty, China had sometimes supported a massive navy, which the Mongols expanded to invade Japan in 1274 and again in 1281 and to attack Java. Subsequently, the early Ming navy carried out enormous excursions into Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean from 1403 to 1434. Ming rulers also declined any political accommodation with the Mongols and their nomadic neighbours, a policy th...

one of the public places in any given city is a place to have some fun. the most important feature of islamic cities is the emphasis on gender segregation in public places and special required conditions for men and women to attend public places. tehran as the most important metropolis in iran and the capital of an islamic country, has been witnessing a lot of changes in its leisure places look...

iranian traditional cities were created with a system based on experiments and gradual establishment of society through time. qajar era is especially important in iranian art history. until mid qajar era, iranian cities’s architecture mainly took benefit of its common traditional architecture that is already seen in most desert-surrounding cities. till this era, there was not any connection bet...

worship places are psychologically evolved in human’s mind, because his unconscious mind manifests evolution differently in such places. every religion has its concerning style, while islam and christianity represent two different blazes in two separate places. church and mosque are very important worship places and designers try to create a spiritual sense of place for the audience. whereas ac...

khānsār was one of the principal cities of isfahan district in qajar era. the city is mentioned repeatedly in historical texts and visited frequently by european travelers khānsār was celebrated in qajar era for presence of significant cultural and artistic figures in the city as well as production of various commercial products. the remnants of commercial monuments such as qajar bazar or kārva...

This article aims to describe the training and medical licensing system (uieop) for becoming a physician officer (uigwan) during Korea's Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392). In the Goryeo Dynasty, although no license was necessary to provide medical services to the common people, there was a licensing examination to become a physician officer. No other national licensing system for healthcare professiona...

muhammad baqir is probably the most important of a group of post safawid painters, who practiced a highly eclectic style. decorative floral compositions which were widly used for lacquer- work from the later safawid period onwards, also become a popular genre in 12th century h. persian painting. muhammad baqir also has produced floral design and composition. owing to the building programs conne...