as surfactants enhance the membrane transport of organic compounds, it has to be assumed that they decisively influence the absorption of pollutants from house dust. sampling sites for the surfactant analysis include housing areas, each location of which has different surroundings such as rural, urban, construction, and industrial area. three stations had been selected for each housing area and...

the aim of this study is to determine the area affected by dust storms in different wind speeds using satelliteimages. in the first step, windy conditions of the sistan plain were analyzed using wind statistics data. next, fivestormy days of zabol city, indicating different wind speeds and horizontal visibilities during those storms, wereselected. then, high temporal resolution modis data was u...

This work reports a sensitive amperometric biosensor for organophosphate pesticides (OPs) fabricated by modifying a glassy carbon electrode with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized on ionic liquid-functionalized graphene (IL-G). The functionalized graphene sheets had good dispersibility and long-term stability in various solvents. The as-prepared biosensor showed high affinity to acetylthio...

A quick and very sensitive method is proposed for the determination of the insecticide carbaryl, following transformation in 1-naphthol, using solid-phase fluorescence excited by a pulsed nitrogen laser and detected with a charge-coupled device. Carbaryl is hydrolized in an alkaline medium resulting in 1-naphthol. This hydrolysis product is fixed on QAE Sephadex A-25 gel at pH 11.20. The fluore...

Carbaryl(N-methyl-1-naphthylcarbamate) and its nitrosated product, N-nitrosocarbaryl, were tested for their effects of BALB/3T3 (clone A31) cells in culture. Nitrosocarbaryl, but not carbaryl, caused transformation of the BALB/3T3 fibroblasts, but neither chemical induced the complete expression of endogenous murine leukemia virus. Transformed cells differed from the parental control cells by l...

The Agricultural Reentry Task Force (ARTF) conducted a study to determine whether different dislodgeable foliar residue (DFR) techniques had any effect on the amount of residues dislodged from the leaves of vegetable crops. Four previously employed techniques were evaluated with two chemicals (carbaryl and methomyl) on two crops (cabbage and lettuce). Carbaryl, a moderately water-soluble chemic...

An inhibitive assay of insecticides using Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from the local fish Clarias batrachus is reported. AChE was assayed according to the modified method of Ellman. Screening of insecticide and heavy metals showed that carbofuran and carbaryl strongly inhibited C. batrachus AChE. The inhibition concentration (IC) IC50 values (and the 95% confidence interval) for both carbofuran...

A unique cytosolic enzyme that hydrolyzes the carbamate linkage of the insecticide carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate) was purified from extracts of Pseudomonas sp. strain CRL-OK. Substrates of the hydrolase include the N-methylcarbamate pesticides carbofuran and aldicarb but not the phenylcarbamate isopropyl m-chlorocarbanilate, the thiocarbamate S-ethyl N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate, or the d...

Throughout this investigation the effects of three commonly used agricultural pesticides, endosulfan (an organochlorine), malathion (an organophosphorous) and carbaryl (a carbamate) were studied on circulating levels of T4, T3, and the T3/T4 ratio of the fresh water catfish Clarias batrachus during the vitellogenic ( formation of the yolk of an egg) and post-vitellogenic phases of their annual ...