We describe two new shape operators that superimpose wrinkles on top of a smooth NURBS surface. Previous research studying wrinkles focused mostly on cloth modeling or in animations, which are driven more by visual realism, but allow large elastic deformations. Our operators generate wrinkle-shaped deformations in a region of a smooth surface along a given boundary based on a few basic parametr...

We report a novel microfluidic microbial fuel cell (μMFC) with an improved design of 3D bioanode. The device features a highly conductive, multilayered nanofibrous anode providing a porous scaffold structure favorable for microbial attachment, mass transfer, and electron collection. The anolyte and catholyte chambers have a small volume of 2 μL each, and are separated by a proton exchange membr...

A high surface area and micro process integrated cathode for μ-DMFC is introduced in this study. CNTs growth inside micro structured cathode for catalyst support was employed for reaction surface increment, while liquid Nafion spun into radial arranged micro reaction holes controlled by centrifugal force was carried out to provide proper immersion ratio of CNTs in Nafion. The process is all int...

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been developed for removal of sulfur-based pollutants and can be used for simultaneous wastewater treatment and electricity generation. This fuel cell uses an activated carbon cloth+carbon fibre veil composite anode, air-breathing dual cathodes and the sulfate-reducing species Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. 1.16gdm(-3) sulfite and 0.97gdm(-3) thiosulfate were remov...

Introduction Carbon aerogel (CA) is a most promising material as an electrode for electrical double-layer capacitor (EDLC), as it allows an interconnected three-dimensional network structure, a high specific surface area, good electrical conductivity and a suitable pore size distribution for common electrolytes. Moreno-Castilla et al. [1] prepared titania/carbon composite by the sol-gel method,...