To examine the kinetics of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) and the influence of dietary variables, young pigs (18 kg, n 5 20) were fed corn-soybean meal diets supplemented with 40 g soy oil/kg and containing either 136 or 180 g crude protein/kg and either 0 or 500 mg/kg L-carnitine (2 3 2 factorial design). Diets were offered for 10 d (85% of ad libitum); CPT-I activities in liver and ...

The enzyme activity and the expression (protein and mRNA concentrations) of genes encoding for hepatic carnitine palmitoyl-transferases (CPT) I and II were studied during neonatal development, in response to nutritional state at weaning and during the fed-starved transition in adult rats. The activity, the protein concentration and the level of mRNA encoding CPT I are low in foetal-rat liver an...

OBJECTIVES L-carnitine and dehydro-epiandrosterone (DHEA) independently promote mitochondrial energy metabolism. We therefore wondered if an age-related deficiency of L-carnitine or DHEA may account for the declining energy metabolism associated with age. METHODS we evaluated serum levels of L-carnitine and the sulphated derivative of DHEA (DHEAS) in cross-sectional study of 216 healthy adult...

Rates of ketogenesis in mitochondria from fed or starved rats were identical at optimal substrate concentrations, but responded differently to inhibition by malonyl-CoA. Kinetic data suggest that the K1 for malonyl-CoA is greater in the starved animal. These results indicate that, for the regulation of ketogenesis in the starved state, the lower sensitivity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase to ...

The direct effects of clofibrate analogues on carnitine acyltransferase activities and fatty acid metabolism were studied in cultured hepatocytes. Rat hepatocytes cultured with bezafibrate or ciprofibrate (0.1-10 micrograms/ml) for 48 h had increased activities of carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT; 4-6-fold) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT; 12-34%). The increase in CAT was higher in hepa...

1. Carnitine acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.7) activity in sheep liver mitochondria was 76nmol/min per mg of protein, in contrast with 1.7 for rat liver mitochondria. The activity in bovine liver mitochondria was comparable with that of sheep liver mitochondria. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity was the same in both sheep and rat liver mitochondria. 2. The [free carnitine]/[acetylcarnitine] ...

Acid-Base Balance and Sodium-to-Chloride Ratio in Diets of Laying Hens. Israel Cohen, Shmuel Hurwitz and Arie Bar 1 Fiber Digestion in the Beaver. W. H. Hoover and S. D. Clarke 9 Methylmalonate, Formiminoglutamate and Aminoimidazolecarboxamide Excretion of Vitamin Bu-deficient Germfree and Conventional Rats. Susan M. Oace and Jane M. Abbott 17 Influence of Amino Acid Level in the Diet upon Amin...

Objectives Bill duct ligation (BDL) is a representative model of biliary cholestasis in animals. Curcumin has a protective effect on the liver; however, its underlying mechanisms are not completely known. This study explored the hepatoprotective activity of curcumin on hepatic damage via measuring the expression of sirtuin3 (SIRT3), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), carnitine palmitoyltransf...

Erythropoietin (EPO) has shown beneficial effects in the regulation of obesity and metabolic syndrome; however, the detailed mechanism is still largely unknown. Here, we created mice with adipocyte-specific deletion of EPO receptor. These mice exhibited obesity and decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, especially when fed a high-fat diet. Moreover, EPO increased oxidative metabol...