Recent advances in the ecology of food webs underscore the importance of detritus and indirect predator-prey effects. However, most research considers detritus as an invariable pool and predation as the only interaction between carnivores and prey. Carrion consumption, scavenging, is a type of detrital feeding that should have widespread consequences for the structure and stability of food webs...

Abstract Carnivore population declines are a time-sensitive global challenge in which mitigating decreasing populations requires alignment of applied practice and research priorities. However, large carnivore conservation is hindered by gaps among research, policy formation. One potential driver this research–implementation gap bias towards charismatic species. Using depredation livestock carni...

Carnivore populations globally have largely declined, and coexistence, where humans carnivores share landscapes, plays a crucial role in carnivore conservation. However, the term “coexistence” is often used scientific popular literature without being clearly defined. Herein, we provide global perspective on what coexistence how it studied. We conducted systematic map of 366 articles published b...

Dorresteijn et al. [1] recently addressed the question what influence humans have on predator–prey interactions in human-modified landscapes. Their study follows increasing evidence from relatively natural landscapes that large carnivores are central drivers of ecosystem structure and functioning through density-mediated and behaviourally mediated effects on their prey [2]. A key question is wh...

18 DECEMBER 2015 • VOL 350 ISSUE 6267 1473 SCIENCE sciencemag.org P H O T O : © D E S IG N P IC S I N C / A L A M Y S T O C K P H O T O dressing underlying issues. Alternatives, such as creating a new position within OSTP, are insufficient to navigate complex interagency chains of command. Last, to mature and learn, oversight institutions must approach governance as a long-term strategic challe...

1 Department of Nature Conservation, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa 2 Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA 3 Department of Geography, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK 4 Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Tubney, UK 5 Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK ...

Consumer trophic position 2 3 4 5 Im pa ct s on p rim ar y pr od uc tiv ity (p ro po rti on al c ha ng e) -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 40% consumption of lower trophic level a r t i c l e i n f o