Introduction Diesel soot elimination is a very difficult problem. The catalytic filters seems to be one of the technological alternatives in order to trap and burn the soot, at the exhaust gas temperature. In order to advance in a rational catalyst design, the reaction mechanism must be understood. In spite of this need, and even though there are many papers in the field, detailed studies regar...

Introduction For emissions control of multicomponent exhaust gas streams, catalytic converters have to perform three functions: the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, the destruction of Volatile Organic Carbon compounds (VOC’s), and NOx abatement. State-of-art catalysts for CO oxidation are based on CuMn2O4 (hopcalite), for VOC combustion on Pt/alumina, and for DeNOx eith...

U.S. Army systems increasingly require novel methods of high density, fast charging power sources. In this study, a novel alternative to traditional batteries, catalytic microcombustors utilizing hydrocarbon fuels, are fabricated and characterized. These devices are found to be robust, easy to start up, operable over a wide range of compositions and temperatures, and able to support complete co...

Volatile organic compounds, emitted by a lot of sources, particularly from gasoline engines of automobiles, are air pollutants that give rise to deleterious health and environmental effects. Total catalytic oxidation is an attractive method in controlling these emissions due the great amounts of energy saved, by the moderate temperature involved. For wide implementation of catalytic combustion,...

The need to control exhaust emissions from stationary power sources is dictated by environmental regulations that limit the amount of smoke (particulates), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen or NOx that can be exhausted into the atmosphere. In areas where atmospheric pollution is a serious concern, as in the Los Angeles basin, very low emission levels are dema...

Catalytic converters are the most effective means of reducing pollutant emissions from internal combustion engines under normal operating conditions. But the future emission requirements cannot be met by three way catalysts (TWC) as they cannot effectively remove hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from the outlet of internal combustion engines in the cold-start phase. Therefore...

Introduction The integration of fuel processors, the catalytic units that can convert fossil fuels to hydrogen-rich streams, with hydrogen fuel cells is considered as a promising solution to the problems related to the availability, distribution and storage of hydrogen. Recent computer-based studies have demonstrated the possibility of efficient hydrogen production on-board the vehicles through...

Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel that can be produced from different kinds of vegetable oils. It is an oxygenated, non-toxic, sulphur-free, biodegradable, and renewable fuel and can be used in diesel engines without significant modification. However, the performance, emissions and combustion characteristics will be different for the same biodiesel used in different types of engine. In th...

The microemulsion is the emulsion with dimension of molecules approx. micrometre and smaller. Such microemulsion of water and diesel oil creates new quality and lets on obtainment ecological and economic of effects, as well as eliminates the disadvantageous influence common emulsions, or unprofitable effects of the injection of water to inlet system of the engine, direct to combustion chambers,...

The rapid depletion of oil and the environmental impact of combustion has motivated the search for clean combustion technologies. Fluidised bed combustion (FBC) technology works by suspending a fuel over a fast air inlet whilst sustaining the required temperatures. Using biomass or a mixture of coal/biomass as the fuel, FBC provides a low-carbon combustion technology whilst operating at low tem...