Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play an important role against viral infections and cancer. This effect is achieved through a complex mosaic of inhibitory and activating receptors expressed by NK cells that ultimately determine the magnitude of the NK-cell response. The T-cell immunoglobulin- and mucin domain-containing (Tim)-3 receptor was initially identified as a T-help...

Although myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been demonstrated to contribute to tumor initiation, progression and metastasis, however, which MDSC subsets are preferentially expanded and activated, and what's the key molecular mechanism responsible for specific MDSC subsets in promoting tumor progression need to be fully addressed. Here we identify that Ly6GmiLy6CloCD11b+CXCR2+ subpopu...

Polymorphisms in the T cell (or transmembrane) immunoglobulin and mucin ( ) gene, particularly in the mucin domain, have been associated domain 1 TIM-1 with atopy and allergic diseases in mice and human. Geneticand antibody-mediated studies revealed that Tim-1 functions as a positive regulator of Th2 responses, while certain antibodies to Tim-1 can exacerbate or reduce allergic lung inflammatio...

T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 (TIM3) contributes to immune suppression during progression of many cancers, but the precise role of TIM3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is not clearly understood. In this study, we report that TIM3 expression was significantly up-regulated in patients with HNSCC and associated with lymph node metastasis. Additionally, TIM3 expression was increase...

T cell-mediated immunity plays a significant role in the development of atherosclerosis (AS). There is increasing evidence that CD8+ T cells are also involved in AS but their exact roles remain unclear. The inhibitory receptors programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) are well known inhibitory molecules that play a crucial role in regulating CD8+ T cel...

Evidence is presented for two different breast epitheial antigens that some epitopes have greater tumor specificity and are more effective targets for radioimmunotherapy than others. The two antigens, which are major components of the human milk fat globule membrane, are breast mucin and a Mr 46'000 glycoprotein (BA46). Of five monoclonal antibod ies (Mc5, Mc!, BrE-1, BrE-2, and BrE-3) against ...

The cytokine IL-12 induces IFN-γ production by T and NK cells. In preclinical models, it contributes to antitumor immunity. However, in clinical testing, it has shown limited benefit in patients with any one of a variety of malignancies. Moreover, in a clinical trial testing a combination of IL-12 and rituximab in patients with follicular B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (FL), those treated with IL-...