introduction: cerebral vein thrombosis is a rare complication of nephrotic syndrome (ns).we report a known case of ns with hemorrhagic thrombosis. case report: a boy with previous history of ns was admitted with headache and decrease of level of consciousness and his brain images were revealed hemorrhagic thrombosis conclusions: cerebral vein thrombosis must be considered in patients with histo...

background: external causes of death are still among the main causes of death in the countries of the former soviet :union:. we studied epidemiology of injuries among elderly in a typical kazakhstani city. methods: data on all injuries among individuals aged 60 yr or older in the city of semey (former semipalatinsk) from 2010 to 2012 was collected from medical files. we present absolute numbers...

purpose: to compare thickness of central cornea measured using pentacam, orbscan ii, and ultrasound pachymeter methods: patients with no history of corneal diseases or systemic diseases affecting eyes, who did not wear contact lens or use eye medications, and who with no previous history of corneal surgery were selected for this study. central corneal thickness (cct) was measured by three metho...

purpose: to evaluate the effects of smoking on the central corneal thickness (cct). methods: in a historical chohort analytic study, referred cases have been divided into two groups (cigarette smokers, and non–cigarette smokers).  laboratory tests including fasting blood sugar (fbs), blood urea nitrogen (bun); and blood pressure were checked. complete eye examination was performed. cct was meas...

purpose: to present a case of bilateral idiopathic central serous chorioretinopthy (icsc) complicated by bullous serous retinal detachment (rd). case report: a 26-year old female suffered from acute loss of vision in the both eyes. best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 1/10 ou. the examination of anterior segment was unremarkable and a mild vitreous reaction was noted. dilated fundus exami...

enhanced immune cell trafficking into the central nervous system (cns) and disruption of the blood brain barrier are pathophysiological hallmarks of neuroinflammatory disorders like multiple sclerosis (ms) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). however, recent studies suggest that the coagulation and the contact-kinin system might also be involved in ms developme...

central venous catheter (cvc) insertion is a practical way to assess patients hemodynamic specially in cardiovascular surgery but this relatively simple junior level procedure is not risk free and its common reported complications include; pneumothorax, hydrothorax, hemothorax, local hematoma, cardiac tamponade, vascular injury, thrombosis, embolism, and catheter disruption. here in this articl...

depression is a mental disorder that results from changes in the central nervous system (cns) that may result from immunological abnormalities. according to the world health organization, major depression will become the leading cause of disability worldwide. accumulating evidence has indicated the existence of reciprocal communication pathways between nervous, endocrine and immune systems. the...