Relative to healthy controls, lithium free bipolar patients exhibit significant gray matter abnormalities. Lithium, the long-time reference standard medication treatment for bipolar disorder, has been proposed to be neuro-protective against these abnormalities. However, its effects on cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield (HSF) volumes remain unstudied and unclear, respectively, in bipola...

Purpose To test the risk of progression to macular edema (ME) of different phenotypes of mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Methods Data from 882 patients with mild NPDR, Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grades 20 and 35, with no prior laser treatment, enrolled in four separate longitudinal studies during 2007-2015 using the same reading center and with the same incl...

PURPOSE To evaluate the functional changes in various morphologic types of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) by multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS All patients (n = 71) with unilateral idiopathic ERM underwent complete ophthalmologic examination, including measurements of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), SD-OCT, and...

in this investigation the thickness of enamel in the gingival, middle, and incisal thirds of the labial surface of the anterior teeth were measured regarding preparation of the teeth for porcelain laminate veneers.part one, 20 extracted intact human maxillary central and lateral incisors ten of each were selected. the teeth were imbedded in autopolimerize acrylic resin. cross section was prefor...

Maximum distance separable (MDS) codes are very important in both theory and practice. There is a classical construction of family $[{2^{m}+1, 2u-1, 2^{m}-2u+3}]$ MDS for notation="LaTeX">$1 \leq u 2^{m-1}$ , which cyclic, reversible ...

purpose: to assess the effectiveness of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide on macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (brvo). design: a prospective noncomparative interventional case series. patients & methods: fourteen eyes of 14 patients with macular edema associated with brvo were enrolled. in all patients after thorough ophthalmic examination, 4 mg triamci...

purpose: one of the major causes of visual acuity loss in diabetic patients is diabetic macular edema (dme). best-corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness changes are considered as two main outcomes in diabetic macular patients. the goal of this study was to compare the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab injection alone or combined with triamcinolone versus macular photocoagulation...

PURPOSE To determine the intergrader reproducibility for computer-assisted grading of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), by using a standardized grading procedure. METHODS Sixty OCT image sets (of six radial lines each) were independently analyzed by two graders using validated custom software (OCTOR) to draw boundaries m...

BACKGROUND The hallmarks of age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness in the developed world, are the subretinal deposits known as drusen. Drusen identification and measurement play a key role in clinical studies of this disease. Current manual methods of drusen measurement are laborious and subjective. Our purpose was to expedite clinical research with an accurate, relia...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance of posterior choroidal thickness and vascular changes in the convalescent stage of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH). Macular spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images of 22 eyes of 13 consecutive patients with VKH at the convalescent stage were compared to 17 eyes of 9 age/sex/refraction-matched nor...