The cephalic vein, defined as the vein originating in the radial end of the dorsal venous arch, crosses superficial to the anatomical snuffbox and travels upward along the anterior border of the brachioradialis muscle in the forearm [1,2]. It ascends lateral to biceps and between pectoralis major and deltoid muscles, and passes through the infraclavicular fossa, and drains into the axillary vei...

IntroductionAn autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation is a common vascular procedure forhemodialysis (HD) patients. This surgical aim to design conduct thatwithstands hemodialysis for durable period. However, the functional outcome of this procedurevaries and depends on patients’ various predictors. .MethodsA retrospective observational study was carried out evaluate AVFcreation at car...

Genetic and molecular analyses of patterning of the Drosophila embryo have shown that the process of segmentation of the head is fundamentally different from the process of segmentation of the trunk. The cephalic furrow (CF), one of the first morphological manifestations of the patterning process, forms at the juxtaposition of these two patterning systems. We report here that the initial step i...

BACKGROUND Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) is the ideal method of vascular access for patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Therefore it is an important part of treatment in HD. There are several observations that indicate the role of inflammation in failure of AVF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hematologic and inflammatory biomarkers in early AVF failure. METHODS This case-contr...

Identification and recognition of the cephalic vein in the deltopectoral triangle is of critical importance when considering emergency catheterization procedures. The aim of our study was to conduct a cadaveric study to access data regarding the topography and the distribution patterns of the cephalic vein as it relates to the deltopectoral triangle. One hundred formalin fixed cadavers were exa...

The knowledge of variations in the superficial veins is of clinical importance for the anatomist, radiologists, clinical practitioners and surgeons in order to plan about the operative procedures. Usually cephalic vein drains into the axillary vein. In this case report study the left cephalic vein communicates with the left external jugular vein and made a common trunk at th...

BACKGROUND We aimed to define the frequency and predictors of successful external cephalic version in a nationally-representative cohort of women with breech presentations and to compare maternal outcomes associated with successful external cephalic version versus persistent breech presentation. METHODS Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a United States healthcare utilization database, we...