A hemi-paralyzed 86-year-old man was diagnosed with ischemic stroke and underwent thrombolysis. Pre-thrombolysis brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed extensive strictly lobar cerebral microbleeding (CMB). Post-thrombolytic computed tomography revealed asymptomatic multiple intracerebral hemorrhaging (ICH). His age, CMB topography, and decreased cerebral spinal fluid amyloid-β 40 and 42 lev...

Pathological hallmarks indicative of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which are the plaques of amyloid beta1-42 and neurofibrillary tangles, were found in brain of aged cynomolgus monkey. The aim of this study was to investigate if aged monkeys exhibiting spatial memory impairment and levels of biomarkers indicative of AD, had brain lesions similar to human patients suffering from senile dementia. Gen...

Historical Perspective The clinicopathologic entity of cerebral congophilic or amyloid angiopathy (CAA) has been recognized since die early part of this century, though it has attained the 'limelight' over the past decade primarily for two reasons: 1) the observation that CAA is the probable cause of nontraumatic primary cerebral hemorrhage producing stroke in a significant proportion of patien...

Context: Given its cerebral amyloid angiopathy, subarachnoid hemorrhage might represent transient focal neurological episodes erroneously diagnosed as ischemic attacks. The earliest neuroimaging findings in emergency room brain computed tomography indicating these patients be very subtle and missed by the clinician. Case Presentation: An 80-year-old man referred with episodes, suggestive of In ...

Hereditary Cystatin C Amyloid Angiopathy (HCCAA) is a rare genetic disease in Icelandic families caused by a mutation in the cystatin C gene, CST3. HCCAA is classified as a cerebral amyloid angiopathy and mutant cystatin C forms amyloid deposits in cerebral arteries resulting in fatal haemorrhagic strokes in young adults. The aetiology of HCCAA pathology is not clear and there is, at present, n...

Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), thought to reflect immune responses to vascular amyloid, have been detected in several amyloid-modifying therapy trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We report a case of ARIA developing spontaneously during the course of Presenilin 1 (PSEN1)-associated familial AD (FAD), in an APOE4 homozygous patient. Severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy with associa...

A 77 year-old men developed a subacute-onset, rapidly progressive cognitive decline. After 6 months of evolution, he scored 6 on the Mini-Mental State Examination and had left hemiparesis and hemineglect. The patient died 11 months after the onset of cognitive symptoms. Brain MRI showed microhemorrhages on gradient-echo sequence and confluent areas of white matter hyperintensities on T2-weighte...

Cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer disease are common diseases of aging and frequently coexist in the same brain. Accumulating evidence suggests that the presence of brain infarction, including silent infarction, influences the course of Alzheimer disease. Conversely, there is evidence that -amyloid can impair blood vessel function. Vascular -amyloid deposition, also known as cerebral amyloi...