OBJECTIVE In cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), p16(INK4a) immunohistochemistry has been reported to be a useful diagnostic biomarker. However, limited information is available about the association between the p16(INK4a) immunohistochemistry and the outcomes of CIN. Here, we report p16(INK4a) immunohistochemistry as an effective biomarker to predict the outcomes of CIN. METHODS p16(IN...

BACKGROUND The incidence of cervical cancer in pregnancy is estimated to be 1-10/10000 pregnancies. Approximately 3% of cervical cancers are diagnosed during pregnancy. The incidence of abnormal Pap smears has been reported to be 5%-8%. Data on the spontaneous evolution of an intraepithelial neoplasia during pregnancy are quite diverse. Of dysplasia cases diagnosed during pregnancy, 10%-70% reg...

AIM To determine the frequency of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) following large loop excision of the transformation zone of the cervix (LLETZ) according to grade and completeness of excision of CIN. METHODS A retrospective study of 669 patients who had LLETZ biopsies showing CIN 1, 2, or 3. The patients were subdivided according to the grade and completeness of excision of CIN. The...

5041 Background: Alternatives to surgical therapy are needed for the treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). We investigated the effectiveness of a treatment with imiquimod (IMQ), a topical immune-response modulator, for patients with CIN 2 and 3. METHODS In this placebo-controlled trial 59 patients with CIN 2 and 3 were randomized to receive either a 16-week treatme...

AIMS AND BACKGROUND The main purpose of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the frequency of HPV infection in patients with residual or recurrent CIN. METHODS 797 consecutive patients with CIN, treated with conization, were included. In 38 patients with residual or recurrent CIN in whom reconization was performed, infection with high-risk HPV types was analyzed. RESULTS Reconization was...

OBJECTIVE We conducted a pooled analysis of published studies to compare the performance of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and cytology in detecting residual or recurrent diseases after treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 (CIN 2/3). METHODS Source articles presenting data on posttreatment HPV testing were identified from the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) ...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare digital camera assessment of the reproductive tract (DART) to colposcopy for the evaluation of abnormal Pap smears. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants included 207 women with abnormal Pap smears. Colposcopy and DART were performed on each patient by separate examiners with the goal of lesion detection. Analysis was performed per patient and per biopsy. ...

n engl j med 361;3 nejm.org july 16, 2009 271 This Journal feature begins with a case vignette that includes a therapeutic recommendation. A discussion of the clinical problem and the mechanism of benefit of this form of therapy follows. Major clinical studies, the clinical use of this therapy, and potential adverse effects are reviewed. Relevant formal guidelines, if they exist, are presented....