This study focused on phase separation of activated sludge mixed liquor by flat-sheet membranes of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). A 20 liter working volume lab-scale MBR incorporating immersed PTFE flat-sheet membrane modules with different pore sizes (0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 μm) was operated for 19 days treating a synthetic wastewater. The experiment was interrupted twice at days 5 and 13 when the m...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to better understand the causes and treatments of mucoid discharge associated with prosthetic eye wear by reviewing the literature and surveying anophthalmic patients. METHODS An anonymous questionnaire was completed by 429 prosthetic eye wearers who used visual analog scales to self-measure their discharge experience for four discharge characteristics: frequency, ...

Abstract According to the characteristics of stainless steel material and scale composition condenser in a power plant, nitric acid was used as cleaning medium, corrosion inhibitor added inhibit on steel. On line chemical carried out without shutdown. The removal efficiency rate met requirements DL/T957-2017, terminal difference recovered optimal value after cleaning.

Environmental chemical exposure is a major concern for consumers of packaged goods. The complexity of chemical nomenclature and wide availability of scientific research provide detailed information but lends itself to misinterpretation by the lay person. For the surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), this has resulted in a misunderstanding of the environmental health impact of the chemical and...

Trace metal contamination during wet cleaning processes on silicon wafer surfaces is a detrimental effect that impairs device performance and yield. Determining the chemical state of deposited impurities helps in understanding how silicon surfaces interact with chemical species in cleaning solutions. However, since impurity concentrations of interest to the semiconductor industry are so low, co...

A swab-sampling method was developed for cleaning validation of a residual active pharmaceutical ingredient in samples collected after cleaning the sampling suite. A summary of the strategies and results of the method development is presented. The developed extraction method produced an acceptable level of recovery and precision. ross contamination with active ingredients is a real concern. The...

The fundamental surface chemistry underlying selectivity in copper chemical vapor deposition (CVD) from COD-Cu-hfac and Cu(hfac), has been determined. Both electronic and chemistry contributions strongly influence the precursor reactivity on oxide as compared to metal surfaces. These results have important implications regarding the role of surface preparation and cleaning for initiating and ma...

Abstract Transmembrane flux measurements are the only practical tools used to evaluate degree of organic fouling and efficiency chemical cleaning ultrafiltration membranes in situ. Tangential pH-streaming potential profiles may become a comprehensive situ method analyse versus membrane damage. A parallel implementation two methods was assist tuning an efficient protocol for 300 kDa polyethersul...