OBJECTIVE We studied whether improper bag exchange predicts the first peritonitis episode in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our single-center prospective observational study of 130 incident urban CAPD patients who started peritoneal dialysis (PD) between March 2005 and August 2008 aimed to determine the relationship between bag exchange procedu...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The effect of biocompatible peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions on PD-related peritonitis is unclear. This study sought to evaluate the relationship between use of biocompatible solutions and the probability of occurrence or clinical outcomes of peritonitis. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS The study included all incident Australian patients receiving PD ...

Objective: To identify potential markers for detecting and monitoring inflammation in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis, several inflammation markers, including procalcitonin (PCT), endotoxin and C-reactive protein (CRP), were evaluated in patients with PD-related peritonitis. Methods and Results: In this study, 50 cases of patients with PD-related peritonitis were recr...

Eosinophilic peritonitis is an uncommon clinical entity with diagnostic considerations separate from those of tuberculous peritonitis. We report a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) with eosinophilic peritonitis resulting from tuberculous peritonitis. Acid-fast stain and mycobacterial culture of peritoneal dialysis effluent were both negative result. In the peritoneal d...

INTRODUCTION Peritonitis remains a major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). OBJECTIVE Evaluate peritonitis incidence, etiology and outcome in cronic PD patients. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was carried out on 330 patients (mean age of 53 ± 19 years) who had been treated by PD in a dialysis center in Aracaju/SE, Brazil between January 1st, 2003 and December 31th, 2007. Data o...

BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PD-peritonitis) due to Mycobacterium spp is uncommon. Non-tuberculous Mycobacterium (NTB) PD-peritonitis can present in a similar fashion to more common causes of bacterial PD-peritonitis. We describe the first reported case of multiresistant Mycobacterium fortuitum PD-peritonitis in an Australian patient. CASE PRESENTATION A 38 year-old ...

BACKGROUND Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and ficolin-2 (FCN) are activators of the lectin pathway of complement and act as primary defences against infection. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MBL2 and FCN2 genes influence the functionality of the proteins. Both proteins are capable of binding staphylococci, which are pathogens that frequently cause peritonitis in patients on continu...

A single-dose vancomycin application after standard protocol in peritoneal dialysis patients with recurrent peritonitis Sir, Peritonitis remains the major cause of catheter removal in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients suffering from recurrent attacks, despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. Bacteria such as coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) from the exit site of the catheter and contaminat...

BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is frequently complicated by high rates of peritonitis, which result in hospitalization, technique failure, transfer to hemodialysis, and increased mortality. Early diagnosis, and identification of contributing factors are essential components to increasing effectiveness of care. In previous reports, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a lipoca...

BACKGROUND Peritonitis is the major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and has acute morbidity and resources implications. Episodes of peritonitis are associated with higher risk of peritoneal membrane failure. Rapid diagnosis of peritonitis would allow early antibiotic commencement with potential benefits of reduced need for in-patient care and dialysis modality change. This study examin...