Brazilian immigrants comprise the third largest ethnic group within the Japanese population. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of dental caries in Brazilian schoolchildren living in Japan. A total of 378 schoolchildren, aged between 6 and 14 years, attending Brazilian schools in Japan were included. Clinical data were collected acc...

OBJECTIVES The present study aims at evaluating the decentralisation of the leprosy control activities in the municipality of Betim, Minas Gerais, Brazil. DESIGN A quantitative study was undertaken using data from SINAN (Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação) and patient records. The study included 435 new cases registered and living in Betim. The pre (1995-2000) and post (2001-2005) dec...

Estimation of allelic and genotypic distributions for continuous data using kernel density estimation is discussed and illustrated for some variable number of tandem repeat data. These kernel density estimates provide a useful representation of data when only some of the many variants at a locus are present in a sample. Two Hardy-Weinberg test procedures are introduced for continuous data: a co...

OBJECTIVE The prevalence of physical inactivity amongst adults has been increasing worldwide; however, few studies have been conducted on university freshmen. The present investigation was aimed at determining the prevalence of physical inactivity amongst Brazilian university freshmen and its association with sociodemographic variables. METHODS The database for the research project entitled, ...

Among two flavanones [YS01, YS02] and eight prenylflavanones [YS03-YS10], preliminary screening with fifteen test bacterial strains showed that YS06 was the most active agent. YS06 exhibited highly significant antimicrobial action when tested against 228 bacterial strains comprising two Gram-positive and six Gram-negative genera. The in vitro susceptibility test was carried out by determining t...

BACKGROUND The Ethiopian epidemic is currently on the wane. However, the situation for infected children is in some ways lagging behind due to low treatment coverage and deficient prevention of mother-to-child transmission. Too few studies have examined HIV infected children presenting to care in low-income countries in general. Considering the presence of local variations in the nature of the ...

PROBLEM There is concern in the aviation community that pilot schedules can lead to fatigue and increased chance of an aviation accident. Yet despite this concern, there is little empirical analysis showing the relationship between pilot schedules and commercial aviation accidents. This study attempts to demonstrate an empirical relationship between pilot schedules and aviation accidents. MET...

OBJECTIVE To assess the level of knowledge of primary school teachers in the public school network of Northeastern Brazil with respect to management of dental trauma and its relationship with prognosis. METHODS A questionnaire was applied to 195 school teachers of public schools in Northeastern Brazil. The questionnaire comprised 12 objective questions about dental trauma and methods for its ...

This paper is the sixth in a series of statistics articles recently published by Australian Critical Care. In this paper we explore the most commonly used statistical tests to compare groups of data at the nominal level of measurement. The chosen statistical tests are the chi-square test, chi-square test for goodness of fit, chi-square test for independence, Fisher's exact test, McNemar's test ...

10.1 The Chi-square Goodness of Fit Test. The general area of nonparametric statistical inference deals with statistical procedures such as hypothesis testing, point estimation and confidence intervals in problems where the parent distribution has no known functional form. For one reason or another, the chi-square goodness of fit test is considered to be in this area, and so we present it here....