headache is one of the most common reason that children are referred to the pediatric neurology services. it is said that ten percent of children aged 5 to 15 years have migraine. subsequently, it is essential for clinician to have a through, comprehensive and systematic approach to the evaluation and management of the child or adolescent who complain of headache. this writing aims to explore t...

background : various studies have indicated that dyslipidemia starts in childhood. there is a relationship between the concentration of blood lipids and atherosclerosis. in this study, we assessed the prevalence of dyslipidemia in elementary school children. methods: this cross-sectional study was performed on 1,626 (882 girls and 744 boys) elementary school children aged between 6 and 11 years...

background and objective: some neurologic complications may be detected after renal transplantation in children including tremor, peripheral neuropathy, altered level of consciousness and seizure. the aim of our study was to detect the prevalence of seizure after renal transplantation and its risk factors in pediatric age groups. methods: in this descriptive study, 102 patients 5-14 year old in...

results the mean age of the children was 64.27 ± 9.3 months. the prevalence of sleep disorders was 36.25%. sleep disorders were significantly associated with age, height, body mass index, residence of children, father’s occupation, mother’s diseases, father’s drug abuse, and parents’ marital status (p < 0.05). conclusions sleep disorders in children threaten growth and development, and are dang...

when a child presented with decreased level of consciousness in the emergency room, taking the right approach is one of the most important skills that every emergency physician should have. ideally, there should be a defined diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm in the emergency room for managing these children in order to minimize difficulties diagnostically and maximize time spent helping the ...

asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder and the most common chronic disease among children characterized by frequent and chronic cough, wheezing, and dyspnea. asthma is defined as an inflammatory process in response to t- helper 2 cells. vitamin e as a lipid soluble vitamin containing 4 isomers α, β, γ, б, with α- tocopherol as the most important isomer is an important defensive agent ...

children are a precious gift from god, and the blessing of a child is a special time in a person&apos;s life. all cultures and religious traditions have certain ways of welcoming a newborn child into the community; also, each culture and religion has its own customs and traditions for the birth of a child. during and after the birth of a muslim child, there are certain rituals the mother and fa...

5.9 million children under age five died in 2015, 16 000 every day. globally, under-five mortality rate has decreased by 53%, from an estimated rate of 91 deaths per 1000 live births in 1990 to 43 deaths per 1000 live births in 2015. the average annual rate of reduction in under-five mortality has accelerated from 1.8%  a year over the period 1990–2000 to 3.9%  for 2000–2015 , but remains insuf...

hospitalization and medical experiences can be confusing and stressful for children, teens and their families. it is very common for young people and their families to have many questions when they are scheduled for surgery or hospitalization. when children are given opportunities to cope successfully with medical experiences, they may see themselves as more capable, more in control, and more r...