The intensification of dairying can have adverse impacts on the environment through diminished soil quality and greater loss of nutrients to water bodies. Poor soil quality can reduce the productivity and sustainability of pastoral farming systems. The effects of increased stocking rate (SR) (3, 4 and 5 cows/ha) and introducing a cut and carry system on soil, pasture and water quality were comp...

Leaching is an unavoidable phenomenon associated with the pesticide applications. Leaching of pesticide does not only indicate the efficiency of a pesticide molecule, but also degree of the environmental contamination. Leaching is the process by which a pesticide molecule enters the soil-water ecosystem. Hence, to access the leaching behavior of a pesticide molecule, various models are used glo...

Abstract A theoretical understanding of chloride binding is urgently needed if we are to use the new low-CO 2 composite cements in reinforced concrete structures exposed chloride-loaded environments. The empirical models and “deemed-to-satisfy” rules currently will not help face wide variety SCMs now being proposed. Engineers need generic ingress that can handle variations binder chemistry expo...

A simulation-based life cycle assessment was conducted to compare the impacts of different cyanide-free chloride processing routes for refractory ores determine whether one-stage leaching gold from could be advantageous over after conventional pressure oxidation an environmental perspective. It shown that both conditions and refractoriness ore strongly affect process. The global warming potenti...

In this study cement and quicklime are examined as binders to enhance the ripening process and immobilize contaminants in dredging sludge. Ripening comprises the drying in the open air till a dry matter content of 50-55% is reached. For this study, a dredging sludge of the highest contamination category was used. The binders speed up the ripening process substantially since the binders as such ...