In practice, pesticides are usually applied simultaneously or one after another for crop protection, and this type of pesticide application often leads to a combined contamination of pesticide residues in the soil environment. A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the influence of chlorothalonil on chlorpyrifos degradation and its effects on soil bacterial, fungal, and actinomycete po...

Fitness costs associated with resistance to insecticides have been well documented, usually at normal temperature conditions, in many insect species. In this study, using chlorpyrifos-resistant homozygote (RR) and chlorpyrifos-susceptible homozygote (SS) of resistance ace1 allele of Plutella xylostella (DBM), we confirmed firstly that high temperature experience in pupal stage influenced phenot...

In this study, chlorpyrifos degrading capability of four bacterial monocultures (RCC-2, GCC-1, GCC-3 and JCC-3) and two bacterial mixed-cultures (GCE345 and GCC134) was investigated in terms of treatment duration and culture volume, using soil slurry medium. Among the bacterial mono-cultures, RCC-2 was found to be most efficient with 21, 37, 54 and 77% of chlorpyrifos degradation in 5, 10, 15 a...

The effect of chlorpyrifos added in irrigation water to a red soil from Central South China on the growth of wheat and oilseed rape seedlings, together with its uptake, was studied in a pot experiment. Addition of chlorpyrifos (1-10 microg g-1) in a single irrigation with distilled water resulted in absorption of chlorpyrifos by wheat (0.257-4.50 microg g-1) and also oilseed rape seedlings (0.2...

Although a wide application of pesticides and herbicides are an essential part of augmenting crop yields, excessive use of these chemicals leads to the microbial imbalance of soil, environmental pollution and health hazards to human and animals. An ideal pesticide should have the ability to destroy target pests quickly and should get degrade the toxic and nontoxic substances as quickly as possi...

Consumption of pesticide contaminated vegetables pose a major threat to public health. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with a Photo Diode Array detector (PDA) was used to determine two organochlorines (methoxychlor and DDT), seven organophosphorus (acephate, chlorpyrifos, fenthion, fenitrothion, malathion, parathion, and ethion), two carbamate (carbaryl and carbofuran) and one pyr...

in this research, the adsorption destructive process of chlorpyrifos (cp,o,o-diethyl-o-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl phosphorothioate) as a noticeable organophosphate pesticide using in agriculture on the nickel tungstate (niwo4) nanoparticles catalyst was investigated and monitored via the 31p nuclear magnetic resonance (31pnmr). the effects of various experimental parameters such as catalyst do...

Chlorpyrifos is an insecticide approved globally for use on a wide range of crops. Laboratory studies indicate that chlorpyrifos is toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates, and so the adoption of practices that reduce aquatic exposure following use should be encouraged. This study assessed the exposure of surface water to the spray-drift of chlorpyrifos and the subsequent contamination of a rea...

The objective of this study was to evaluate insecticide toxicity on Bemisia tabaci, Tetranychus evansi, Orius insidiosus, Cycloneda sanguinea and Chauliognathus flavipes in tomato plants. The following toxicity treatments were applied: T1: control, T2: chlorpyrifos (Pitcher) 450 EC (1.25 L.ha), T3: chlorpyrifos 450 EC (Pitcher) (0.62 L.ha), T4: thiamethoxam 100 WG (1.00 L.ha), T5: thiamethoxam ...

Changes in electroretinograms (ERG) due to administration of chlorpyrifos were examined in rats. Male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with chlorpyrifos (0.2 mmol/kg body weight), and their cholinesterase (ChE) activities and ERG were measured at various times after the injection. Amplitudes of A and B waves in ERG were more than 50% decreased and latencies of the waves were prolonge...