Blood in the splanchnic vasculature can be transferred to the extremities. We quantified such blood shifts in normal subjects by measuring trunk volume by optoelectronic plethysmography, simultaneously with changes in body volume by whole body plethysmography during contractions of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles. Trunk volume changes with blood shifts, but body volume does not so that the ...

Effective cerebral protection remains the principle concern during aortic arch surgery. Hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) is entrenched as the primary neuroprotection mechanism since the 70s, as it slows injury-inducing pathways by limiting cerebral metabolism. However, increases in HCA duration has been associated with poorer neurological outcomes, necessitating the adjunctive use of antegr...

• More is known about the baroreflex of the carotid sinus than about the baroreflexes originating from the heart and the great vessels because of the easy surgical preparation of the carotid sinus area. The "isolated innervated sinus preparation" introduced by Moissejeff in 1926 and its various modifications have provided a convenient method for studying the carotid sinus reflex (1). The presen...

Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation, such as those received during radiotherapy, leads to increased risk of circulatory diseases.. Emerging evidence of excess risks of circulatory diseases after exposure to doses well below those considered previously as safe warrants epidemiological studies of populations exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation. The purpose of our study was to eva...

A new tool for real-time characterization of both systemic and local circulatory hemodynamics has been developed. Given two peripheral circulatory waveform measurements this new signalprocessing algorithm generates two low order models that represent the distinct branch dynamic behavior associated with the measured circulatory signals. The framework for this methodology is based on a multi-chan...

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the exposure to fine particulate matter and circulatory disease mortality rates in the elderly living in the Brazilian Amazon. An ecological study of circulatory disease, acute myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular disease mortality rates in micro areas of the Brazilian Amazon was carried out. The environmental exposure indicator ...

Elevated circulatory levels of many blood coagulation factors are known to be a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis in humans. Here we report the first direct demonstration of a close association between elevated circulatory factor IX levels in mice with thrombosis as well as myocardial fibrosis. Transgenic mice overexpressing human factor IX at persistently high levels died at much younger ag...

The primary defect that characterizes circulatory shock is acute perfusion failure, in which oxygen metabolism is critically impaired by decreased delivery of oxygen to tissues. Four categories of hemodynamic deficits are described as the basic mechanisms of circulatory shock: hypovolemia, cardiac failure, distributive deficits, and vascular obstruction. Perfusion failure can be identified by t...