The aim of this study was to determine whether citric acid adsorbed onto cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) influences the bioavailability of their constituents Co and Fe. Dissolution of Co and Fe was assessed by two measures: (i) in aqueous suspension using chemical analysis, prior to application onto the food of test organisms; and (ii) in vivo, measuring the bioavailability in the ...

As early as 1897 the oxidative bromination of citric acid to form a brominated acetone derivative, presumably principally pentabromoacetone, was adapted to the quantitative determination of citrate (1). Most subsequent procedures have been based on the same reaction. Among the more recently described procedures are those of Pucher (2) and of Goldberg and Bernheim (3). These methods, with minimu...

Problem statement: The aim of this study was to investigated the effects of adding citric acid and microbial phytase supplementation (Natuphos) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed corn soybean meal base diets. Approach: The experiment included nine treatments with 10 birds in each replicate using a 3×3 factorial design for two main factors of citric acid (0...

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of alpha-galactosidase supplementation and acidification of diets on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of broiler chicks. In experiment 1, dietary treatments consisted of feeding a low-energy basal diet (2.74 Mcal of ME/kg) alone, the basal diet supplemented with 1,724 units of alpha-galactosidase per kg, the basal diet supplemen...

The filamentous ascomycete Aspergillus niger is well known for its ability to accumulate citric acid for the hydrolysis of starchy materials. To improve citric acid productivity, heavy ion beam mutagenesis was utilized to produce mutant A.niger strains with enhanced production of citric acid in this work. It was demonstrated that a mutant HW2 with high concentration of citric acid was isolated ...