BACKGROUND Although it is thought that inner-city areas have a high burden of asthma, the prevalence of asthma in inner cities across the United States is not known. OBJECTIVE We sought to estimate the prevalence of current asthma in US children living in inner-city and non-inner-city areas and to examine whether urban residence, poverty, or race/ethnicity are the main drivers of asthma dispa...

Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) tools appear to enhance the possibilities offered by a collaborative approach to planning. The present paper analyzes both the results of experiences of the author and of those available in the literature, highlighting possible advantages and disadvantages. After a brief introduction to the meaning of e-democracy, the second part focuses on the role of I...

This paper describes a research approach based on the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to interpret and understand the Korea’s strategy for the development of the ubiquitous city (u-city). Analyzing empirical materials from u-city development, this study traces and unpacks the interaction occurring around the u-city innovation and also identifies patterns of innovation, concentrating on negotiation a...

it has been encountering with large modifications and developments during recent decades and it makes large developments at rey & islamshahr regions. as the habitation areas as shaped in different dimensions. thought it can investigate the implicational structural at large scales even at littler scales too. nevertheless the essential applications of living areas on over coming life need such ha...

between 1941 to 1979 the modern city has been formed. urban plans are initiated in this period by the establishment of planning organization in 1948. based on such plans, the city experiences a huge expansion. modern cities like tehran became the best place to fulfill the aspirations of the residents of the surrounding towns and villages with job opportunities and better living conditions. as t...

with the advent of cyberspace and development of data and information, virtual cities were presented as new forms of city management in different layers and territories. historic and tourism virtual city are among eight types of virtual cities. in this article some guidelines were presented in order to design and manage them based on tehran tourists' need assessment. theoretical framework ...

BACKGROUND Air pollution is a major problem in urban\industrial areas, like Tehran, and has several impacts on human health. This study aimed at assessing concentrations of criteria air pollutants (CO, SO(2), NO(2), O(3), PM(10)) in Tehran, extracting patterns of hourly, daily, weekly, and monthly variations of concentrations, and making comparisons to National Standards and WHO Guidelines. M...

Most parts of the urban areas are faced with the problem of floating fine particulate matter. Therefore, it is crucial to estimate the amounts of fine particulate matter concentrations through the urban atmosphere. In this research, an artificial neural network technique was utilized to model the PM2.5 dispersion in Tehran City. Factors which are influencing the predicted value consi...