The development of novel pharmaceuticals requires non-clinical safety studies to be performed on candidate drugs. Such studies typically assess general toxicology (as determined by in vivo experiments), safety pharmacology (effects on major organ systems, e.g. cardiovascular) and genetic toxicity test batteries. These studies inform progression of candidate drugs from the “discovery phase” thro...

1 Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania 2 Department of Radiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania 3 ICU-Toxicology Department, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania Corresponding author: Madalina Ilie Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Emergency Hospital, 8th Floreasca Avenue, 1st District, Bucharest, Romania. E-mail: dr...

Background: Acute poisonings are common presentations to emergency departments (EDs) worldwide and require rapid assessment. Consultant emergency physicians (EPs) faced with various toxicological presentations must initiate rapid investigations and empirical management. This study aimed to determine emergency department doctors’ level of knowledge and confidence in toxicological presentations, ...

The traditional approaches to toxicity testing have posed multiple challenges for evaluating the safety of commercial chemicals, pesticides, food additives/contaminants, and medical products.The challenges include number of chemicals that need to be tested, time and resource intensive nature of traditional toxicity tests, and unexpected adverse effects that occur in pharmaceutical clinical tria...

In the last issue of Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology (APJMT), editor-in-chief, Dr. Reza Afshari focused on an important contemporary issue of empowering toxicology in the Asia pacific region (1). The topic drew our attention and we would like to share the situation of Bangladesh in light of this editorial. Dr. Afshari correctly emphasized on forming national societies of medical toxi...

Treatment guidelines for chronic noncancer pain recommend opioids for carefully selected, closely monitored patients. However, many primary care physicians have a limited understanding of urine toxicology testing, which is the standard for monitoring opioid therapy. This article describes the technical aspects of urine toxicology testing and provides recommendations for monitoring patients to m...