The familiar queueing principle expressed by the formula L=^\W (Little's law) can be interpreted as a relation among strong laws of large numbers (SLLNs). Here we prove central-limit-theorem (CLT) and weak-law-of-large-numbers (WLLN) versions of L = \W. For example, if the sequence of ordered pairs of interarrival times and waiting times is strictly stationary and satisfies a joint CLT, then th...

Cognitive load theory (CLT) is gaining increasing importance in the design and evaluation of instruction, both traditional and technology based. Although it is well understood as a theoretical construct, the measurement of cognitive load induced by instructional materials in general, and by multimedia instruction in particular, mainly relies on methods that are either indirect, subjective, or b...

How heterogeneous multiscale methods (HMM) handle fluctuations acting on the slow variables in fast–slow systems is investigated. In particular, it is shown via analysis of central limit theorem (CLT) and large deviation principle (LDP) that the standard version of HMM artificially amplifies these fluctuations. A simple modification of HMM, termed parallel HMM, is introduced and is shown to rem...

MARTINGALE CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM FOR NONUNIFORMLY HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS SEPTEMBER 2013 LUKE MOHR, B.S., UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO M.S., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Ph.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Professor HONG-KUN ZHANG In this thesis we study the central limit theorem (CLT) for nonuniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems. We examine cases in which polynomial decay of co...

Neonicotinoid insecticides act on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and are particularly effective against sucking pests. They are widely used in crops protection to fight against aphids, which cause severe damage. In the present study we evaluated the susceptibility of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum to the commonly used neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid (IMI), thiamethoxam (TMX) and cl...

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of fiber-optic laryngoscopy (FOL) on the weaning process from mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients with a positive cuff leak test (CLT) as compared with the current recommended strategy based on corticosteroids.In this prospective observational pilot study conducted over a 1-year period in a 15-bed ICU, CLT was systematically per...

Wood structures not only have a significantly lower embodied energy and associated carbon emissions than equivalent steel and concrete structural systems, wood is a carbon sink, removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in building components. The reduction of carbon dioxide is critical to addressing related energy and climate issues. Unfortunately, the structural properties an...

The Central Limit Theorem (CLT) is an important result in statistics and econometrics and econometricians often rely on the CLT for inference in practice. Even though different conditions apply to different kinds of data, the CLT results are believed to be generally available for a range of situations. This paper illustrates the use of the Kullback-Leibler Information (KLI) measure to assess ho...

In our dissertation we derive the Central Limit Theorems (CLTs) with the remainder terms for the renewal and cumulative processes. A renewal process based on the sequence of random variables {X n } is defined in one of the following ways: 1) 2) N 2 (t) = number of n such that Sn $ t, 3) N 3 (t) = Sup{n: Sn $ t}, where Sn = Xl + ... + X n. If X n > 0 then all three definitions are identical. In ...