The streaming instability (SI) is a mechanism to aerodynamically concentrate solids in protoplanetary disks and trigger the formation of planetesimals. SI produces strong particle clumping if ratio solid gas surface density—an effective metallicity—exceeds critical value. This value depends on sizes disk conditions such as radial drift-inducing pressure gradients levels turbulence. To quantify ...

We report here the crystal structure of the minimal ligand-binding segment of the Staphylococcus aureus MSCRAMM, clumping factor A. This fibrinogen-binding segment contains two similarly folded domains. The fold observed is a new variant of the immunoglobulin motif that we have called DE-variant or the DEv-IgG fold. This subgroup includes the ligand-binding domain of the collagen-binding S.aure...

Despite abundant evidence that neutrophils arrive early at sites of mycobacterial disease and phagocytose organisms, techniques to assay phagocytosis or killing of mycobacteria by these cells are lacking. Existing assays for measuring the antimycobacterial activity of human leukocytes require cell lysis which introduces new bioactive substances and may be incomplete. They are also time-consumin...

THE CLUMPING of platelets is probably the fundamental stage in the formation of thrombi. It was early demonstrated in experimental animals that administration of Dicnmarol (bishydroxyconmarin; Dicoumarol) in doses adequate to prevent thrombus formation was associated with delay or inhibition of platelet clumping.' ~ Although it may not be necessary to delay platelet clumping in order to prevent...

Formation of compact colonies of Staphylococcus aureus in serum-soft agar is mainly a result of a reaction between protein A and the Fc-part of immunoglobulin G and not a clumping factor-fibrinogen reaction.

Mutants of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae with disruptions in the ACE2 gene and C. glabrata and S. cerevisiae swi5 disruption mutants were tested for virulence in a murine challenge model of disseminated yeast infection. All mutants showed a clumping phenotype, but clumping was minimized in challenge inocula by inclusion of chitinase in the growth medium. In an...

There is an increasing requirement to breed durable resistances to woolly apple aphid (WAA) into apple cultivars. Genetically diverse apple plantings have been established in New Zealand with one aim to identify new sources of resistance to this pest, and also to allow the computation of parameters of genetic interest. Such computations are hindered by the uneven distribution of the pest in the...