Long-chain acyl-CoA esters are key metabolites in lipid synthesis and beta-oxidation but, at the same time, are important regulators of intermediate metabolism, insulin secretion, vesicular trafficking and gene expression. Key tools in studying the regulatory functions of acyl-CoA esters are reliable methods for the determination of free acyl-CoA concentrations. No such method is presently avai...

stearoyl-coa desaturase (scd) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (mufa). a number of studies support the hypothesis that scd gene regulation and polymorphism may affect fatty acid composition and fat quality in meat and milk. single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region of the bovine stearoyl-coa desaturase gene have been predicted to result in ...

The proliferation of digitalized media on the Internet has assisted in enhancing digitalization, which increased copyright issues. To solve these issues, digital watermarking methods were used. Digital image refers to a method watermark data is embedded into multimedia products and can be detected or extracted from watermarked product later. Such techniques ensure content verification, tamper-r...

This paper presents a novel methodology for the calculation of angular indexes an electrical system from stationary analysis, using load flow and nose curves (P–V) in each buses to perform control actions preserve or improve voltage stability. The are proposed considering method based on concepts cutset angle (CA) center (COA). target is fast estimation voltage-stability margins through appropr...

The 3-hydroxypropionate cycle has been proposed to operate as the autotrophic CO2 fixation pathway in the phototrophic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus. In this pathway, acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) and two bicarbonate molecules are converted to malate. Acetyl-CoA is regenerated from malyl-CoA by L-malyl-CoA lyase. The enzyme forming malyl-CoA, succinyl-CoA:L-malate coenzyme A transferase, ...

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase [acetyl-CoA:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.4.1.2] is activated by physiological concentrations of CoA. The CoA concentration dependency of this activation is sigmoidal; below 60 microM there is little or no activation, but the activation observed between 60 and 120 microM indicates that small changes in the concentration of CoA can cause significant changes in ...

Pig kidney general acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (GAD) can be reduced by butyryl-CoA to form reduced enzyme and crotonyl-CoA. This reaction is reversible. Stopped-flow, kinetic investigations on GAD have been made, using the following reaction pairs: oxidized GAD/butyryl-CoA, oxidized GAD/crotonyl-CoA, oxidized GAD/alpha,beta-dideuteriobutyryl-CoA, reduced GAD/butyryl-CoA, and reduced GAD/crotonyl-CoA...

Nutrient secretagogues can increase the production of succinyl-CoA in rat pancreatic islets. When succinate esters are the secretagogue, succinyl-CoA can be generated via the succinate thiokinase reaction. Other secretagogues can increase production of succinyl-CoA secondary to increasing -ketoglutarate production by glutamate dehydrogenase or mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase followed b...

Liver peroxisomal fractions, isolated from rats treated with clofibrate, were shown to hydrolyze added [1-14C]acetyl-CoA to free [1-14C]acetate. [1-14C]Acetyl-CoA was, however, also converted to [14C]acetoacetyl-CoA. This reaction was inhibited by added ATP and by solubilization of the peroxisomes. The effect of ATP on synthesis of [14C]acetoacetyl-CoA was likely due to ATP-dependent stimulatio...

Proteomic analysis of mouse kidney peroxisomes resulted in the identification of a novel nudix hydrolase designated RP2p, which is encoded by the D7RP2e gene. RP2p consists of 357 amino acids and contains two conserved domains: a nudix hydrolase domain and a CoA-binding domain. In addition, a PTS (peroxisomal targeting signal) type 1 (Ala-His-Leu) was found at the C-terminus. Analysis of the en...