We have investigated the crustal properties of neutron stars without fallback accretion. We have calculated the chemical evolution of the neutron star crust in three different cases (a modified Urca process without the thermal influence of a crust, a thick crust, and a direct Urca process with a thin crust) in order to determine the detailed composition of the envelope and atmosphere as the nuc...

The total magmatic output in modern arcs, where continental crust is now being formed, is believed to derive from melting of the mantle wedge and is largely basaltic. Globally averaged continental crust, however, has an andesitic bulk composition and is hence too silicic to have been derived directly from the mantle. It is well known that one way this imbalance can be reconciled is if the paren...

Gravitational, magnetic and superfluid forces can stress the crust of an evolving neutron star. Fracture of the crust under these stresses could affect the star’s spin evolution and generate high-energy emission. We study the growth of strain in the crust of a spinning down, magnetized neutron star and examine the initiation of crust cracking (a starquake). In preliminary work (Link, Franco & E...

Introduction: A majority of the mountains on Io are tectonic, upthrusted blocks [1-8]. The mechanism behind their formation, however, is unknown. Mountain formation may be indirectly related to the prolific volcanism on Io [3]. Three major mountain formation hypotheses following from this idea include: • convection-modified subsidence: global compressional stresses (subsidence) are created by t...

Ozonation of wheat grain is a quick and easy process that could be realized during the storage. The ozone is in direct contact with the grain and modifies immediately the properties of the wheat. Stability and resistance of dough were increased with ozonation at 40 ppm in comparative with control sample. The results showed a gradual increase in specific volume of balady bread according to the t...

Introduction: Understanding the Moon's thermal and magmatic evolution entails understanding the origin of the earliest crust, in particular whether it formed from a magma ocean [1]. The energy of late stage planet-building impacts would be at least sufficient to form magma oceans and possibly enough to melt whole planets [2]. The solidification history of the magma ocean will place constraints ...

In this study, the addition of Sweet lupin seeds flour (SLSF) in different levels (5, 10 and 15%) to wheat flour (WF) was evaluated. Dough mixing properties, bread physical characteristics and sensory properties were investigated. Increasing SLSF level in the SLSF-WF composites led to an increased water absorption, dough development time, C4 and setback torque, while it decreased flour moisture...

There is growing evidence that the top part of the oceanic mantle is pervasively serpentinized prior to subduction. Because the interior of a subducting slab heats up slowly, the serpentinized layer can be preserved for tens of Myr, thereby forming a weak zone that allows for mechanical decoupling between the oceanic crust and underlying lithospheric mantle. Once the crust is eclogitized, a she...