A combination of structural and pigmentary components is responsible for many of the colour displays of animals. Despite the ubiquity of this type of coloration, neither the relative contribution of structures and pigments to variation in such colour displays nor the relative effects of extrinsic factors on the structural and pigment-based components of such colour has been determined. Understa...

Inclusive and diffractive structure functions for electron-proton scattering are calculated in a semiclassical approach at large momentum transfer Q2 and small values of the scaling variable x. The basic process is the production of a quark-antiquark pair in the colour field of the proton. The structure functions are expressed in terms of Wilson lines along the classical trajectories of quark a...

All representationalists maintain that there is a necessary connection between an experience’s phenomenal character and intentional content; but there is a disagreement amongst representationalists regarding the nature of those intentional contents that are necessarily connected to phenomenal character. Russellian representationalists maintain that the relevant contents are composed of objects ...

Only two-body [F i · F j ] confining potentials have been considered, thus far, in the quark model without gluons, which by construction can only depend on the quadratic Casimir operator of the colour SU(3) group. A three-quark potential that depends on the cubic Casimir operator is added to the quark model. This results in improved properties of q 3 colour non-singlet states, which can now be ...

Particle systems make an excellent tool for creating tracks (which we call strokes) in vector fields. The question addressed in this paper is how such tracks should be made to vary in size and colour in order to reveal properties such as local direction and strength of the field. We find that for strokes that vary from large to small, direction is indicated by the large end. We also find that f...

A novel method of texture modelling based on discrete distribution mixtures is discussed. The statistical properties of textures are modelled by a discrete distribution mixture of product components. A natural colour texture is spectrally factorized and discrete mixtures models are learned and used to synthesize single orthogonal monospectral components. Texture synthesis is based on easy compu...

OBJECTIVE Since the properties of polymers can be influenced using electron-beam irradiation, the aim of this study was to investigate whether electron-beam post-curing can improve the mechanical properties of experimental denture base polymers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rectangular specimens of different experimental polymeric blends were electron-beam irradiated (post-cured) with 25 kGy and 200 ...

Altitudinal clines in melanism are generally assumed to reflect the fitness benefits resulting from thermal differences between colour morphs, yet differences in thermal quality are not always discernible. The intra-specific application of the thermal melanism hypothesis was tested in the wingless grasshopper Phaulacridium vittatum (Sjöstedt) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) first by measuring the therm...

An advanced inverse Case 2 water algorithm for the retrieval of concentrations of colour producing agents (CPAs) from satellite ocean colour data is applied to the Skagerrak region in the North-eastern part of the North Sea. A set of the CPAs’ specific inherent optical properties (SIOPs) was developed for this area. Sensitivity tests show that the algorithm’s retrieval accuracy of the chlorophy...

The flipped classroom is an educational strategy about inverting the traditional use of in-class time for conducting lower-level learning activities and out-of-class time for conducting higher-level learning activities. Guided social inquiry learning (GSIL), which is a scaffolded constructivist pedagogic approach, has been conventionally adopted in learning and teaching of Liberal Studies (a “y...