We have reported that, in canine hearts, cardiac cooling to 29°C enhanced left ventricular contractility but changed neither the contractile efficiency of cross-bridge (CB) cycling nor the excitation-contraction coupling energy. The mechanism of this intriguing energetics remained unknown. To get insights into this mechanism, we simulated myocardial cooling mechanoenergetics using basic Ca2+ an...

During thermoregulation in the bearded dragon Pogona barbata, heart rate when heating is significantly faster than when cooling at any given body temperature (heart rate hysteresis), resulting in faster rates of heating than cooling. However, the mechanisms that control heart rate during heating and cooling are unknown. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that changes in cholinergi...

The innovative hot stamping press of quenchable steel mainly includes two stages: hot forming of blank at elevated temperature and quenching of hot stamped part in closed water-cooled tools. Crucial stage in hot stamping process is quenching of hot formed part in water-cooled tool to achieve final high ultimate tensile strength. In quenching stage, cooling rate of hot stamped part has a signifi...

A research project of the Hamburg University of Technology realizes an open cycle desiccant assisted air conditioning system based on renewable heat sources e.g. solar thermal and heat sinks e.g. shallow geothermal energy. Both advantages of the open cycle process are taken into account, the possible use of a heat sink at higher temperatures and the use of low calorific heat. Moreover, the tota...

This paper provides the first estimates of end-use specific emissions factors, which are estimates of the amount of a pollutant that is emitted when a unit of electricity is generated to meet demand from a specific end-use. In particular, this paper provides estimates of emissions factors for space cooling and heating, which are two of the most significant end-uses. The analysis is based on a n...

INTRODUCTION Although rapid cooling and management of circulatory failure are crucial to the prevention of irreversible tissue damage and death in heatstroke, the evidence supporting the optimal cooling method and hemodynamic management has yet to be established. METHODS A systematic review of all clinical studies published in Medline (1966 to 2006), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing & Alli...

To achieve high thermal efficiency in modern gas turbines, the turbine-inlet temperature has to be increased. In response to such requisites and to prevent thermal failure of the components exposed to hot gas streams, the use of different cooling techniques, including film cooling, is essential. Finding an optimum film cooling design has become a challenge as it is influenced by a large number ...

A horizontal hermetic scroll compressor has been developed for applications with high heatof-compression gases, including natural gas, air and helium (cryogenics). The compressor is a low profile horizontal design with oil-flooded cooling of the compression process. Combined with components required for oil separation and cooling, this design provides a smooth, continuous compression process fe...