The treatment of rectal cancer currently involves coordinated efforts for combined modality therapy with pre-operative chemoradiation followed by surgical management and additional adjuvant chemotherapy. The landscape of rectal cancer has shifted significantly over the past 30 years. This review aims to track this changing landscape, with a particular focus on current research and future endeav...

Approximately 90% of patients with early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) will be cured with first-line therapy. Chemotherapy alone or combined-modality therapy are both acceptable standard treatment options for nonbulky early-stage HL. Combined-modality therapy is associated with more serious late effects and, in at least one study, showed inferior survival rates compared with chemotherapy alone. M...

Chemotherapy has often been combined with radiotherapy and/or surgery in the treatment of patients with advanced head and neck cancer in an attempt to improve locoregional control, decrease distant metastasis, and increase survival. Recently, induction chemotherapy has been used in the selection of patients with advanced resectable carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx for organ preservation....

Head and neck cancer occurs at an incidence of approximately 40,000 cases annually in the United States.[1] Approximately one-third of patients present with early-stage disease, which is usually cured with single-modality surgery or radiation therapy.[2] The great majority of the remaining patients present with locoregionally advanced disease, ie, large primaries (T3, T4) and/or involvement of ...

Traditionally, treatment for locally advanced resectable head and neck cancer has been surgical resection followed by postoperative radiation. In unresectable patients, primary radiation has been the mainstay of treatment. In an attempt to improve local control and survival, chemotherapy has been investigated as an adjunct to locoregional treatment. Induction or adjuvant chemotherapy in combina...

The treatment of head and neck cancer has traditionally consisted of surgery with postoperative radiation therapy. Chemotherapy has been reserved for palliation. In recent years, induction chemotherapy has been shown to allow for larynx preservation in patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy has been shown to provide a statistically significant survival b...

Combined modality therapy of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer has become a widely used means of treatment with several reports of benefit found in randomized phase III trials. Progress in this area may, however, be less substantive than it appears. Phase III trials routinely take the better part of a decade to initiate, complete, and analyze, and the flood of phase II trials are larg...

Abbreviations: SCID-X1: X-linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency; γc: Cytokine Receptor Common Gamma Chain; HSC: Hematopoietic Stem Cells; ab: Antibody; wt: Wild-type; NK cell: Natural Killer Cell; HLA: Human Leukocyte Antigen; SIN: Selfinactivating; HSV-TK: Thymidine kinase of Herpes Simplex Virus; ER: Endoplasmatic Reticulum; MFI: Mean Fluorescence Intensity; CDC: Complement-dependent Cytoto...

Irinotecan (CPT-11, Camptosar) is a camptothecin derivative that is thought to exert its cytotoxic effects by targeting topoisomerase I. It is believed that irinotecan stabilizes a DNA-topoisomerase I cleavable complex, and that interactions between this complex and the replication machinery may lead to cell death. There is a significant volume of in vitro and in vivo data demonstrating that ir...