The aim of this study is to investigate the application ultrasound in extraction betanin from beets (Beta vulgaris) using Deep eutectic solvents (DES). process was optimized response surface methodology. time variable found be correlated with performance. Three DES (choline chloride: urea (CC:U), choline glycerol (CC:G), and citric acid (CC:Ac)) were studied. concentration extracted CC:U, CC:G,...

Choline is usually supplemented as ruminally protected choline chloride to prevent its degradation in the rumen, but effects of unprotected on ruminal fermentation are unclear. Some research indicates a possible role dietary fiber microbial choline; therefore we aimed evaluate and investigate whether those depend neutral detergent (NDF) concentration. Our hypothesis was that NDF concentration w...

The electrochemical behavior of Au(111) in contact with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was studied by cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and immersion experiments to determine the potential zero total charge (pztc). In particular, DESs type III consisting a choline salt hydrogen bond donor (HBD) were investigated. HBDs urea ethylene glycol (EG) chosen since they belong, combinatio...

Desheathed frog (R. pipiens) sciatic nerves were soaked in Na-deficient solutions, and measurements were made of their Na and K contents and of the movements of K(42). When a nerve is in Ringer's solution, the Na fluxes are equal to the K fluxes, and about 75 per cent of the K influx is due to active transport. The Na content and the Na efflux are linearly related to the Na concentration of the...

The solubility of DNA in bio-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) consisting of mixtures of choline chloride with levulinic acid, glycerol, ethylene glycol, sorbitol and resorcinol was investigated. The macromolecule was found to be soluble and chemically and structurally stable in DESs consisting of mixtures containing glycerol and ethylene glycol. Furthermore recyclability of the DESs was demo...

A proteolipid protein having a high affinity for methyl (14)C-hexamethonium, (3)H-p-(trimethylammonium)-benzene diazonium fluoroborate, and (acetyl-1-(14)C)choline chloride was isolated and purified from the electric tissue of Torpedo marmorata and Electrophorus electricus. At variance with the "receptor proteolipid" from the brain the one from electric tissue apparently does not bind atropine ...

A patient with severe tardive dyskinesia due to long-term neuroleptic medication is described. The 2 factors immediately precipitating the onset of the disorder appeared to be the administration of benzhexol hydrochloride and the sudden termination of neuroleptic therapy. the disorder was satisfactorily controlled with choline chloride and a small dose of tetrabenazine. The suggested mechanism ...

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) made mainly with abundant primary metabolites are being increasingly applied in green chemistry. The advantages of NADES as green solvents have led to their use in novel green products for the food, cosmetics and pharma markets. However, one of the main difficulties encountered in the development of novel products and their quality control arises from thei...

DNA (Salmon testes) was functionalized by Fe3O4 nanoparticles and protonated layered dititanate sheets (H2·Ti2O5·H2O) in a mixture of choline chloride and ethylene glycol (a deep eutectic solvent) to yield a hybrid material having magnetic and antibacterial properties. Ti sheets were found to interact with the phosphate moieties, while Fe interacted with the base pair of DNA in the hybrid mater...