purpose: the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tendency toward teleworking and organizational commitment (affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment) among the librarians of isfahan public universities. methodology: the research method was descriptive – correlational survey and the population consisted of all librarians in isfahan univ...

This study examines the impact of contract farming with Farmer Organizations on farmers’ income. Contract farming with farmer organizations is a smallholder farmer-inclusive contract farming system. Field surveys were conducted in August 2010 with 75 farmers (including 39 contract farmers) in Kampong Thom province, Cambodia. The analysis—i.e., using a treatment effects model—indicates that cont...

conclusions this study showed that the employees in the kashan pems obtained half of the score of organizational commitment and about two-thirds of the job involvement score. therefore, the higher level managers of the emergency medical system are advised to implement some strategies to increase the employees’ job involvement and organizational commitment. materials and methods this cross-secti...

This paper conducts an empirical study on output, costs and incomes in organic farming with a sample of Spanish firms. Financial accounting data reveals that organic and partly or transitional to organic farming do not get significantly different output than intensive farming. Farms in transition to organic farming bear significantly higher costs and obtain significantly lower income than inten...

This paper presents an approach to select the best farming strategy considering various criteria. The goal is to help a farmer to take appropriate decision in farming. Two possible alternatives are consideredConventional farming and Organic farming. These farming types are evaluated by MCDM technique taking into account three criteria viz. Productivity, Marketing, and Health-Environment Friendl...

One ecological environment monitoring system of Litopenaeus vannamei farming has been developed in order to protect and regulate the ecological environment of Litopenaeus vannamei farming, halt and reverses the situations in the ecological environment deterioration of Litopenaeus vannamei farming and the little farming success rate. The early warning information of ecological environment degrad...

introduction: one of the most important duties of manager is to organize and maintain enterprise systems. managers are responsible for the amount and type of employee commitment to the values of organization. committed and loyal workforces have significant impact on health service delivery in health organization. the purpose of this study was to identify average of three dimensions of commitmen...

in the business environment, virtual organizations can meet market needs efficiently and effectively via knowledge worker and high flexibility and also generate significant competitive advantage. due to obtaining the advantage of these organizations, managerial issues related to them must be recognized and organized. decrease of face to face relationship, geographically distributed, dynamic job...

While organic farming is well established in Europe a nd USA, it is still catching up in Asian countries. The government of South Korea has implemented environmentally friendly farming that encompasses organic farming. Despite the promotion of environmentally friendly farming, it still has a low share in South Korea and partially converted farming has emerged in some districts of South Korea. H...

this study investigated the effects of land size and two leased and private farming systems of machinery on economic efficiency and factors such as total production cost per hectare (ratio of total cost of agricultural inputs and operations to farm size), total income (ratio of product and byproduct value to farm size), yield (ratio of crop production to farm size) and degree of mechanization f...