Despite the exponential growth in the literature on modelling and simulation studies of impact and cost-effectiveness in different aspects of healthcare, there is no clear consensus on the appropriate role of modelling in the development of recommendations in clinical guidelines. This is compounded both by the lack of a standardised approach to assess the quality of modelling, and lack of clari...

System dynamics and agent-based modelling are two methods for modelling dynamical systems. While both emphasize that complex dynamics can evolve from simple rules and relationships, they have also important differences. Agent-based models are considered to be more flexible, but normally have a higher computational demand than system dynamics models. The central goal of this study is therefore t...

In this paper, experimental responses of the clamped mild steel, copper, and aluminium circular plates are presented subjected to blast loading. The GMDH-type neural networks (Group Method of Data Handling) are then used for the modelling of the mid-point deflection thickness ratio of the circular plates using those experimental results. The aim of such modelling is to show how the mid-point de...

Empirical modelling is a new approach to the construction of physical (typically computer-based) artefacts. Model construction proceeds in an open-ended and exploratory manner in association with the identi cation of observables, dependency and agency. Knowledge of the referent is acquired through experiment, and | through the use of metaphor | interaction with the artefact is contrived so as t...

In several animal species, change in sexual size dimorphism is a correlated response to selection on fecundity. In humans, different hypotheses have been proposed to explain the variation of sexual dimorphism in stature, but no consensus has yet emerged. In this paper, we evaluate from a theoretical and an empirical point of view the hypothesis that the extent of sexual dimorphism in human popu...

Comparative modelling is utilized to predict the 3-dimensional conformation of a given protein (target) based on its sequence alignment to experimentally determined protein structure (template). The use of such technique is already rewarding and increasingly widespread in biological research and drug development. The accuracy of the predictions as commonly accepted depends on the score of seque...

Summary: ViTO is a graphical application including an editor of multiple sequence alignment and a 3D structure viewer. It is possible to manipulate alignments containing hundreds of sequences and to display a dozen of structures. ViTO can handle so-called "multiparts" alignments to allow the visualization of complex structures (multi-chain proteins and/or small molecules and DNA) and the editin...

A crucial issue in building adaptive systems is maintaining models of users, which allows computers to tailor their behaviour to the needs of particular individuals. When a computer system has educational goals, modelling a learner’s cognitive capacity is essential for the system to provide individualised instruction and adaptive interaction (Self, 1999). Allowing the user to have some control ...