The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) is an arboreal marsupial found throughout southeastern Australia. A high risk of extinction in some areas requires adherence to legislation mandating protection high-quality habitat. primarily eats leaves the Eucalyptus genus and wildlife managers are, most cases, currently dependent on habitat maps depicting food resource availability derived from low-resolut...

We are pleased to publish an update to "Identifiabiliity, exchangeability and epidemiological confounding" (IEEC) by Sander Greenland and James Robins, originally published in 1986 in the International Journal of Epidemiology. This is the first in a series of updates to classic epidemiologic-methods papers that EP&I has commissioned.

In this paper the controversy over how to decide whether associations between factors and diseases are causal is placed within a description of the public health and scientific relevance of epidemiology. It is argued that the rise in popularity of the Popperian view of science, together with a perception of the aims of epidemiology as being to identify appropriate public health interventions, h...