congenital epulis is a very rare benign soft-tissue tumor of uncertain histogenesis, which is also known as “gingival granular cell tumor of the newborn”. it occurs almost exclusively as a single tumor along the alveolar ridge of the maxilla in newborn females. although congenital epulis is strikingly similar to the more common adult granular cell tumor histologically, in contrast to the latter...

BACKGROUND Childhood chronic physical illness is associated with a greater vulnerability for emotional problems (i.e. depression and anxiety) in childhood. However, little is known about life-long effects of childhood chronic physical illness on mental health. The present study aims to systematically review evidence for associations between eight chronic physical illnesses with childhood onset ...

one of the most preventable causes of mental and growth retardation is congenital hypothyroidism (ch). this study tries to investigate growth and mental outcome of patients with ch. since november 2006 and november 2007 in guilan province, north of iran, all neonates who were diagnosed with ch, evaluated for etiology of ch by laboratory follow up, thyroid sonography or scan. growth and developm...

Mongolism has aroused widespread interest since the days of Langdon Down's pioneer work in 1866. Numerous hypotheses relating to its aetiology and mechanism have appeared, but none can be regarded as conclusive or final, further observations and research being necessary before a full understanding is possible. Of the many anomalies found in mongolism, affecting nearly every system, that of cong...

Setting 2 semi-urban community hospitals near Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Patients 258 in-hospital, primiparous, breastfeeding women who were ≥ 16 years of age, were able to speak English, had a singleton birth at ≥ 37 weeks of gestation, and were accessible by a local telephone call. Exclusion criteria were factors that could seriously interfere with breast feeding (eg, serious maternal illness ...

Rubella contracted in early pregnancy is associated with a high frequency of congenital anomalies in the infant. Viral transmission occurs in overt as well as occult maternal illness with or without a rise in maternal rubella antibody titres. It is thus both difficult and important to determine whether the fetus has become infected in utero. One approach is to isolate rubella virus from amnioti...

Five patients developed overwhelming infection as a result of congenital asplenia, which was previously unsuspected in all cases. Each illness followed a fulminant course resulting in death within 24 hours. They illustrate the respective roles of Haemophilus influenzae infection (n = 4) and adrenal haemorrhage (n = 4) in this condition. We suggest a management protocol for screening infants wit...

BACKGROUND Nemaline rod disease is a congenital myopathy, presentation of which may mimic myasthenia gravis. METHOD We report a suspected case of nemaline rod disease in a female adolescent who presented with features similar to myasthenia gravis but failed to respond effectively to its conventional management. She had features of respiratory failure and cardiomyopathy. RESULTS Patient had ...

Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (1,2). Infection with Zika virus is asymptomatic in an estimated 80% of cases (2,3), and when Zika virus does cause illness, symptoms are generally mild and self-limited. Recent evidence suggests a possible association between maternal Zika virus infection and adverse fetal outcomes, such as congenital m...