A right ternary N -group (RTNG) over a right ternary near-ring N is a generalization of its binary counterpart and fuzzy soft sets are generalization of soft sets which are parameterized family of subsets of a universal set. In this paper fuzzy soft N -subgroups and N -ideals over right ternary N -groups are defined and their basic algebraic properties are studied. Fuzzy soft N -subgroups and N...

Previous work of the author has developed probabilistic in-put/output automata (PIOA) as a formalism for modeling systems that exhibit concurrent and probabilistic behavior. Central to that work was the notion of the \behavior map" associated with a state of a PIOA. The present paper presents a new, simpler deenition for PIOA behavior maps, investigates the induced \same behavior map" equivalen...

Political parties often employ the rhetoric of electoral mandates, claiming that people who voted for them endorsed their policies. However, level voter-party issue congruence may vary across parties, issues, and elections; views certain types voters be better represented by party than others. This paper puts forward a series hypotheses to explain variation in congruence, relating how well-info...

Congruence closure algorithms are nowadays central in many modern applications in automated deduction and verification, where it is frequently required to recover the set of merge operations that caused the equivalence of a given pair of terms. For this purpose we study, from the algorithmic point of view, the problem of extracting such small proofs. Union-find data structures maintain the equi...

We provide a new proof of the following Pa lasińska’s theorem: Every finitely generated protoalgebraic relation distributive equality free quasivariety is finitely axiomatizable. The main tool we use are Q-relation formulas, for a protoalgebraic equality free quasivariety Q, which are the counterparts of the congruence formulas used for describing the generation of congruences in algebras. Havi...

The notion of a good quotient relation has been introduced as an attempt to generalize the notion of a quotient algebra to relations on an algebra which are not necessarily congruence relations. In this paper we investigate some special classes of good relations for which the generalized versions of the well-known isomorphism theorems can be proved. AMS Mathematics Subject Classification (2000)...

In this paper, we establish the idea of fuzzy congruences on Abel-Grassmann's group (AG-group). We investigate different outcomes fuzzy-congruences AG-groups in detail and give some examples to illustrate newly established results. develop relation between congruence normal subgroup. end, also provide results homomorphism AG-groups.

Hotzel asks this for semigroups and right congruences; his and the above version are equivalent. Left congruences on M are equivalence relations closed under all left translations; these are thus equivalent to congruences on the free left M -set on one generator. When M is a group, any left congruence is the decomposition of M into the left cosets of some subgroup, so the lattice of left congru...

In this brief note, we consider p-adic unit roots or poles of L-functions of exponential sums defined over finite fields. In particular, we look at the number of unit roots or poles, and a congruence relation on the units. This raises a question in arithmetic mirror symmetry.