This paper investigates the relationship between inflation and output in the context of an economy facing persistent high inflation. By analyzing the case of Brazil, we find that inflation does not impact real output in the long run, but that in the short run there exists a negative effect from inflation on output. These results support Sidrauski’s (1967) superneutrality of money in the long ru...

Stability of U.S. Consumption Expenditure Patterns: 1996 1999 Lester D. Taylor University of Arizona* A cornerstone of macroeconomic analysis since publication of Keynes’s General Theory in 1936 has been a strong belief in a stable aggregate consumption function. At a micro level, there has been an equally strong belief in invariant individual tastes and preferences. The usual approach in testi...

Many Arithmic Logic Unit (ALU) designs have been constructed and tested in order to optimized different functions in which the Computer Processing Unit (CPU) uses to carry out various operations. As is it used so often, it is important that the ALU function correctly, with high performance, and with low energy consumption. This paper reviews and analyses ten different ALU designs, focusing on m...

In this paper we study the problem of optimizing the two-level representation of a Boolean function in order to minimize power consumption in PLAs. We first give power models used to estimate the power consumption in pseudo-NMOS and dynamic PLAs. Using these power cost functions we then prove that a minimum power solution for dynamic PLAs consists only of prime implicants of the function. For p...

The sigB gene of Corynebacterium glutamicum encodes a group 2 sigma factor of RNA polymerase. Under conditions of oxygen deprivation, the sigB gene is upregulated and cells exhibit high productivity of organic acids as a result of an elevated glucose consumption rate. Using DNA microarray and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) analyses, we found that sigB disruption led to reduced ...

Neonicotinoid insecticides like thiacloprid enter agricultural surface waters, where they may affect predator-prey-interactions, which are of central importance for ecosystems as well as the functions these systems provide. The effects of field relevant thiacloprid concentrations on the leaf consumption of Gammarus fossarum (Amphipoda) were assessed over 96 h (n = 13-17) in conjunction with its...