When estimating the strength of the relation between a cause (X) and effect (Y), there are two main statistical approaches that can be used. The first is using a simple correlation. The second approach, appropriate for situations in which the variables are observed unfolding over time, is to take a correlation of the change scores – whether the variables reliably change in the same or opposite ...

Kernel Machines, such as Support Vector Machines, have been frequently used, with considerable success, in situations in which the input variables were real values. Lately, these methods have also been extended to deal with discrete data such as string characters, microarray gene expressions, biosequences, etc. In this contribution we describe a new kernel allowing kernel machines to be applied...

Quantum computers hold the promise for efficiently factoring large integers [1]. However, to do this beyond a most modest scale they will require quantum error correction [2]. The theory of quantum error correction is already well studied in two-level or spin2 systems (in terms of qubits or quantum bits) [2–7]. Some of these results have been generalized to higher-spin systems [8–11]. This work...

We investigate how entanglement can be transferred between qubits and continuous-variable (CV) systems. We find that one ebit borne in maximally entangled qubits can be fully transferred to two CV systems which are initially prepared in a pure separable Gaussian field with high excitation. We show that it is possible to retrieve the entanglement back to qubits from the entangled CV systems. The...

Statistical relations between the luminosity L of gamma-ray burster (GRBs) and several of their other observable properties have been discovered. Four of these properties are considered here: the spectral lag; a measure of the light-curve variability; peak energy and the minimum light-curve rise time. Data are taken from a tabulation by Schaefer. Log–log regression of L on various combinations ...