introduction: tympanoplasty is the standard and well established procedure for closure of tympanic membrane perforations .this paper compares the results of tympanoplasty in terms of hearing improvement and graft incorporation in patients with chronic perforation of the tympanic membrane between two groups with and without active drainage at the time of surgery.  materials and methods: sixty re...

Conventional chest radiography poses a challenging technical problem because of its requirement for simultaneous high-contrast display and wide-latitude recording across the entire image. We developed and evaluated a method of producing chest radiographs by using a tantalum air-interspace grid for highly efficient scatter rejection, wide-latitude X-ray film for recording the low-scatter image, ...

Two perceptions of Korean and English sibilants by two different L2 groups were examined: the identification of Korean (KO) contrast /s-s*/ by American English (AE) learners of Korean and the identification of English (EN) contrast /s-ʃ/ by Korean ESL learners. The results of the first experiment showed that AE beginning learners of Korean poorly identified the Korean contrasts (with chance acc...

As technology node shrinks down, hotspots, i.e. patterning failures on wafer after etching process, become an inevitable problem. The main cause of such hotspots is low contrast of aerial image. There are several methods that can improve aerial image contrast such as SRAF insertion and OPC. However, it is difficult to fix all hotspots by applying only SRAF and OPC in advanced technology node. T...

determination of normal gastric emptying time and small intestinal transit time are useful in detecting gastrointestinal motility disorders and partial obstructions of the pylorus or small intestine. this study was conducted to evaluate iodixanol as a contrast agent in the gastrointestinal tract in new zealand white rabbit. twelve clinically healthy adult rabbits were prepared and kept for two ...