paper deals with accurate positioning of pneumatic actuator using solenoid controller to development a fast, accurate, and inexpensive position-controlled that may be applied to a variety of practical positioning applications are described. A Pulse Width Modulation PWM valve pulsing algorithm to allow the on/off solenoid valves to use in the place of costly servo valve. The open-loop characteri...

An observer controller for a buck converter is presented. A state feedback gain matrix is derived in order to achieve the stability of the converter and to ensure the robustness of the controller. A load estimator is designed to estimate the unmeasurable variables and to obtain the zero output voltage error. A pulse-width modulation scheme is adopted to obtain the output voltage regulation. In ...

Digital filter plays an important role in digital signal processing applications. Digital filter can also be applied in speech processing applications, such as speech filtering, speech enhancement, noise reduction and automatic speech recognition among others. In this paper Matlab program is used to implement a low-pass FIR filter using adjustable window function based on Hamming window. In som...

A new feedback current controller for three-phase pulse width modulated power inverters is presented. To achieve robustness against load parameter variation, fast dynamical response, reduced switching frequency and simple hardware implementation, a three-level hysteresis sliding mode controller is used. The voltage vectors applied to the load are accurately selected in order to minimise the cur...

This article introduces a chemical kinetic model of the transcriptional elongation dynamics of RNA polymerase. The model's novel concept is a look-ahead feature, in which nucleotides bind reversibly to the DNA before being incorporated covalently into the nascent RNA chain. Analytical and computational methods for studying the behavior of the look-ahead model are introduced, and several approac...

Instead of conformation states of single residues, refined conformation states of quintuplets are proposed to reflect conformation correlation. Simple hidden Markov models combined with sliding window scores are used to predict the secondary structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence. Since the length of protein conformation segments varies within a narrow range, we can ignore the dura...

Recently, the US network of weather surveillance radars (NEXRAD) was upgraded with the Open Radar Data Acquisition (ORDA) subsystem which includes new receivers, signal processors, and control subsystems (Patel and Macemon 2004). Before this upgrade, the legacy RDA estimated the spectrum width using the standard pulse-pair technique. The new signal processor implements a similar spectrum width ...

The aim of the present study was to develop an automatic controller for FES cycling able to assure a symmetrical pedalling. The controller is therefore exploitable in the rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients. Starting from a measurement in real time of the bending moments produced at right and left crank, the controller tries to reduce the unbalance of the movement and then to maintain a symme...

OBJECTIVE Although the tibialis posterior is a potentially difficult muscle to locate for botulinum toxin injection because of its deep location, needle insertion is usually performed using anatomic landmarks for guidance. Accordingly, the ultrasonographic anatomy of the lower leg was investigated in hemiplegic children with spastic cerebral palsy to improve the safety and the accuracy of needl...