This study evaluated in vitro the capacity of debris removal from the apical third of flattened root canals, using different final irrigation protocols. Thirty human mandibular central incisors with a mesiodistal flattened root were prepared using rotary instrumentation by Endo-Flare 25.12 and Hero 642 30.06, 35.02, 40.02 files, irrigated with 2 mL of 1% NaOCl after each file. The specimens wer...

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 5 irrigation protocols in removing calcium hydroxide simulated internal root resorption cavities. Eighteen extracted human teeth, upper anterior and uniradicular, were prepared up size 50. The teeth divided longitudinally, cavities made by acid demineralization using nitric acid. same sample was submitted five protocols. canals filled with Ultracal X...

Thirteen million [corrected] metric tons of poultry litter are produced annually by poultry producers in the U.S. Poultry litter contains the sex hormones estradiol and testosterone, endocrine disruptors that have been detected in surface waters. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of poultry litter applications on estradiol and testosterone concentrations in subsur...

Many procedures involved in the preparation and administration of hazardous drugs put health care workers at risk of exposure to these agents through leakage or accidental spills. The first objective of this study was to determine if the conventional needle/syringe technique has the potential to allow drugs to escape into the environment. The second objective was to evaluate if a closed system,...

A new device for irrigation, which presents hydrodynamic activation based on the pressure-suction technology, has recently been introduced to the market: the RinsEndo system. This study compared the efficacy of the RinsEndo system and conventional (manual-dynamic) irrigation in the removal of debris from the root canal walls, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Twenty mandibular premolars...

AIM To compare the efficacy of the XP-endo finisher file (XP) (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux de Fonds, Switzerland) to that of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and conventional syringe and needle irrigation (SNI) in the removal of calcium hydroxide paste from an artificial standardized groove in the apical third of root canals. METHODOLOGY The root canals of 68 mandibular incisors with single ova...

Aim: The present study was taken up to clinically evaluate and compare effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS) and comfort control syringe (CCS) in various pediatric dental procedures as an alternative to the conventional method of local anesthesia (LA) administration. Materials and methods: Ninety healthy children having at least one deciduous molar tooth indicated f...

Aim. To evaluate the pain experience and behavior during dental injection, using the Wand computerized delivery system versus conventional local anesthesia in children and adolescents. Methods. An observational crossover split mouth study was performed on 67 patients (aged 7 to 15 years), requiring local anesthesia for dental treatments in both sides of the dental arch. Patients received both t...