This paper reports the results of a survey of attitudes of commercial fanners and supply cooperative managers about agricultural supply cooperatives. Cooperative managers and fann­ ers frequently made significantly different responses to questionnaire statements. With a few exceptions, fann size and fanner age did not appear to influence perceptions about supply cooperatives. "",nether a fanner...

Introduction Almost 20 percent of the people in the work force are union members. Just in terms of numbers, trade unions are an important influence in the labor market and in the U.S. economy. Further, unions are widely believed to play a major role in determining workers' standard of living and how work is done and in affecting firms' profitability. Freeman and Medoff (1984) recently presented...

This paper describes different elements leading to the success of cooperatives formed by indigenous Maya women of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico. These elements have shown to facilitate the sustainability (permanence over time) of the cooperatives and their presence in the market, while improving the work environment and enhancing the practice of honesty. All these elements have generated an i...

Abstract Inequality of wealth and its associated power has varied greatly over human history. It is often thought that the main levelers inequality were natural disasters such as epidemics or earthquakes, social turmoil wars revolutions. Here we critically review evidence effects events on from medieval times till present. We show in spite marked differences character direct impact shocks consi...

there are more than one million agricultural cooperatives members in iran. in the meantime, the rapid development of the animal husbandry in iran has forced cooperatives to meet the members’ scientific and practical needs for completing production cycle of the dairy industry. livestock production covers a wide spectrum of livestock activities including bee keeping, silkworm raising, and aquacul...

an organization’s varied needs when it comes to recruiting and staffing. One often hears that the proposed solution to a “people problem” is to do a better job in the recruiting process of attracting better people, do a better job in the hiring process of identifying future stars and “weeding out” the problems, and do a better job of attracting and selecting a more diverse workforce. Moreover, ...

There is widespread agreement of the importance of information and communication technologies (ICT) in building equitable prosperity and globally competitive economies. Effective use of these technologies, however, requires building new capacities and skills, here referred to as eskills, not only in the working force but the entire population. These skills are in very short supply all over the ...

In recent American political discourse, elections and debates tend to be presented by the news media as collisions of basic principles, with opposing parties advancing beliefs about what is right and what is wrong. When news coverage of an election campaign focuses on issues that emphasize rights and morals, voting behavior may be affected in two ways: Citizens become likely to form and make us...